Update Magazine Index

 Index Current Through Issue 31(4) 2022

Compiled by Jace Stansbury
Nederland, TX

A

  • Abandonment (see colony & nest abandonment under Behavior)
  • Abbott's Mill Nature Center 29(4) p. 22-23;
  • A.B.C.A. (American Bird Conservation Association) 8(3) p. 5
  • Abnormalities
    • Anophthalmia (Eyelessness) 12(2) p. 6;
    • Bill deformity 9(3) p. 21 (crooked); 13(3) p. 11; 13(4) p. 27; 18(4) p. 10 (missing upper beak);
    • Leg splaying 3(4) p. 14-15; 6(1) p. 20 (use of Gutter Guard on flooring to prevent); 6(4) p. 8 (reasons/deaths); 10 (1) p.11; 13(4) p. 11 (causes/prevention); 15(2) p. 12 (causes/prevention);
    • Microphthalmia 13(4) p. 27 (under developed eye);
    • skin ailments on nestlings  15(4) p. 13;
    • Subcutaneous Emphysema 10 (1) p. 2; 11(3) p. 23 (extreme case); 13(4) p. 27; 16(4) p. 12;
  • Abundance (of martins) 1(1) p. 8-9, 12, 22;
  • Access doors (see Gourds)
  • Adaptation 2(4) p. 11 (definition)
  • Adaptive brood reduction (see Behavior)
  • Adding additional housing (see Housing)
  • Addled eggs (see Egg)
  • Adult martin 8(1) p. 15(description);
  • Aerial behavior (see Behavior)
  • Aerial insectivore 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 2(4) p. 10 (definition); 27 (3) p. 17-18 (disappearance of);
  • Aerial strafing of landlords (see Behavior)
  • Africanized honeybees 19(4) p. 11-13 (retaliatory behavior on nesting martins)
  • Aging martins 3(4) p. 1-3; 6(1) p. 13; 6(3) p. 17; 6(4) p. 14; 8(1) p. 15 (color guide); 11(4) p. 16-17 (undertail coverts); 25(2) p. 1; 26(1) p. 28-29; 30(1) p. 17 (oldest on record);
  • Age specific return schedules 19(2) p. 20-22;
  • Ailments  11(4) p. 11; (extreme cloacal protuberance);  24(3) p. 4 (conjunctivitis);
  • Air sacs 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
  • Alabama Wildlife Center  17(4) p. 20-21;
  • Alaska 7(2) p. 15 (martins)
  • Albinism 1(2) p. 16; 6(1) p. 9; 11(4) p. 20; 12(3) p. 12 (nestling); 12(3) p. 12 (degrees of); 12(3) p. 12 (challenges and genetics of); 12(4)  p. 10 (types of), 10 (albino returning from Brazil); 13(3) p. 16; 14(1) p. 22-25 (nestlings); 14(2) p. 12; 18(4) p. 9; 20(3) p. 28; 24(3) p. 15;  26(4) p. 6-7; 
  • Alcoa Warrick Operations (martin colony) 25(1) p. 8-9; 26(1) p. 18;
  • Allantois (see Egg)
  • Allnock, Bob 26(2) p. 2 (death);
  • Amazon  28(4) p. 3 (effects on martins);
  • Amazon Expedition (see PMCA/research);
  • Amazon Smile 31(4) p. 3 (and donations to PMCA);
  • American Bird Conservation Association  13(3) p. 2-3 (Annual PM Convention);
  • Amnion (see Egg)
  • Anal flukes (see Endoparasites)
  • Angelou, Maya (on U.S. quarter with martin image);
  • Anthropomorphism 1(3) p. 23 (definition);5(1) p. 7 (definition);
  • Ants (see Predators)
  • Apteria (definition) 15 (4) p. 10;
  • Arizona Purple Martins (Progne subis hesperia) 19(2) p. 23; 20(3) p. 10; 24(3) p. 6-9; 29(2) p. 15; 29(4) p. 8-12; 31(1) p. 10 (breeding range); 31(4) p. 2 (housing design contest);
  • Arrival 1(3) p. 1 (scouts); 3(1) p. 12 (early spring); 6(2) p. 14 (adults/subadults), 21 (scouts), 22 (adults); 7(4) p. 15; 8(1) p. 7; 10 (1) p. 7 (schedule); 12(2) p. 14 (biological significance of age-specific return schedules in breeding purple martins/based on sex and/or age), 15 (early arrival by old
    adults/early arrival early egg laying?); 18(3) p. 12 (late); 19(2) p. 22 (by older adults); 21(4) p. 11; 22(2) p. 9 (first); 22(3) p. 28-29 (early); 23(2) p. 2-5 (early); 23(4) p. 6;  26(1) p. 19;
  • Arthropod 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
  • Artificial Intelligence 29(3) p. 8-11 (ans incubation behavior); 29(4) p. 2 (and martin survival);
  • Asian Tiger mosquito 21(1) p. 8;
  • Association (martins) with other birds (see Behavior)
  • Attenborough, Sir David 7(4) p. 28;
  • Attracting martins 1(1) p. 1, 20-21 (by sound playbacks), 29, 33; 2(3) p. 26 (decoys), 28-29 (10 reasons landlords fail); 3(1) p. 23, 24, 28; 3(2) p. 10; 4(2) p. 19; 5(2) p. 16; 5 (4) p. 14; 6(1) p. 15; 6(3) p. 14; 7(1) p. 16; 8(3) p. 8 (dawnsong); 9 (3)  p. 28 (social attraction); 10 (2) p. 14, 15, 17 (number of houses needed); 11(1) p. 16; 11(4) p. 9, 10; p. 9, 10 (after nest failure due to snake); 12(2) p. 11; 13(1) p. 11; 13(2) p. 8 (vanilla, cinnamon, garlic, onion as an attractant); 13(2) p. 9 (and Turkey Vultures); 13(3) p. 10 (use of plants); 14(2) p. 9; 14(4) p. 7 (nesting material as attractant); 15(4) p. 11; 16(1) p. 10; 17(1) p. 11 (after snake invasion); 17(2) p. 10-11 (use of onions, vanilla, cinnamon), 11 (dawnsong, decoys); 17(4) p. 12; 18(3) p. 11; 18(4) p. 10; 22(2) p. 9; 23(1) p. 8; 23(4) p. 18-19; 25(2) p. 10; 25(2) p. 26-27 (social attraction); 25(4) p. 20; 26(2) p. 20, 21 (decoys); 28(1) p. 27, 28-29; 28(2) p. 24; 29(2) p. 16; 29(3) p. 17; 30(2) p. 9; 31(1) p.9; 31(3) p. 13;
  • Avian egg microflora (see Egg)
  • Avian pox (see Diseases)
  • Avifauna 6(3) p. 5 (definition);

B

  • Bachelor male 4(1) p. 22; 4(2) p.16 (causing nest failure); 4(3) p. 15; 5(2) p. 15, 22; 9(1) p. 17(destroying eggs); 9(2) p. 14; 9(4) p. 15; 10 (3) p. 11 (attacking nestlings); 11(3) p. 9 (visiting other colony sites); 11(4) p. 9 (breaking up couples); 13(3) p. 8 (removing nestlings), 9;
  • Bachelor male wandering (see Behavior)
  • Baffles (see Predator Guards)
  • Bald eagle (see Predators)
  • Banding martins 1(2) p. 25; 2(3) p. 22; 4(4) p. 10 (Troyer's fishing for martins); 5(1) p. 24 (local returns); 5(4) p. 15 (laws); 6(4) p. 24 (recoveries south of the border); 7(2) p. 17 (reporting banded martins); 8(1) p. 28 (recoveries); 8(3) p. 20 (nestlings); 9(2) p. 17; 10 (4) p. 2 (Ohio purple martin color banding project), 16; 11(3) p. 2 (history of bird banding); 11(3) p. 2-3 (banding permits); 11(3) p. 3 (banding equipment); 11(3) p. 3-4 (auxiliary marking permits); 11(3) p. 4-5 (capturing banded martins); 11(3) p. 5 (reporting a banded martin); 11(3) p. 5 (illegal banding); 11(3) p. 5-7 (what's been learned from banding martins); 11(3) p. 7 (how landlords can participate); 12(2) p. 14 (what can be learned); 12(4)  p. 4-6 (using pole nets to capture), 11; 13(2) p. 9 (reporting banded dead martin); 14(3) p. 22-23 (reporting); 15(3) p. 7; 16(3) p. 4-7 (reading & reporting); 16(4) p. 25 (9-year banded martins recaptured);  17(3) p. 9 (Oregon martin recovered in Brazil); 17(4) p. 2-3; 18(1) p. 13 (reading/reporting); 18(2) p. 8 (S. Carolina Project), p. 18-20 (how to read); 18(3) p. 4-7 (results of 14 year study at PMCA sites/survival rates); 20(4) p. 10-13 (in South Carolina), 18-19 (in Missouri); 21(4) p. 4-6; 26(4) p. 24 (where to report band numbers); 27 (3) p. 20 (description of bands and where to report);  28(3) p. 28-29;  29(3) p. 16; 29(4) p. 17 (reporting);
  • Banks swallow (see Swallows);
  • Barn swallows (see Swallows)
  • Bathing (see Behavior)
  • Bats 3(2) p. 23; 4(1) p. 25; 4(2) p. 16 (housing); 6(3) p. 17 (and martins); 8(2) p. 16;BBC 3(2) p. 28; 14(2) p. 9 (housing near colony); 15 (4) p. 10 (housing near colony); 16(2) p. 16 (co-existing in same housing); 17(3) p. 7; 23(4) p. 10-11; 26(1) p. 20 (near colony);
  • Bauder, Roy 22(1) p. 11;
  • Beak  19(3) p. 13 (light beak color in martins);
  • Beaverfork Lake Edition martin colony (Arkansas) 18(2) p. 21-23;
  • Bedbugs (see Ectoparasites)
  • Beehives 6(1) p. 14 (housing near);
  • Behavior
    • adaptive brood reduction 1(4) p. 21; 7(1) p.15;
    • adults eating eggshells of hatchlings  18(1) p. 11;
    • adults fighting with fledglings 4(4) p. 16;
    • adults teaching fledglings to hunt  13(1) p. 9;
    • aerial behavior 1(3) p. 12;
    • aerial strafing of landlords 2(1) p. 25; 9(4) p. 16; 26(4) p. 25;
    • aggressive behavior 7(1) p. 15 (in nestlings); 10 (2) p. 8, 10 (sexual flight posture); 12(3) p. 9 (towards other birds); 13(1) p. 10 (towards house sparrows);
    • and displaced nests 1(2) p. 7;
    • and fireworks 3(4) p. 24; 21(3) p. 10;
    • and smoke 3(2) p. 25; 8(2) p.17; 21(3) p. 10;
    • appeasement display 10 (2) p. 9;
    • association with other birds 1(1) p. 31;
    • attacking hummingbirds 4(2) p. 16;
    • bachelor male despoiling nests 4(1) p. 22;
    • bachelor male causing nest failure 4(2) p. 16;
    • bachelor male wandering 11(3) p. 6;
    • bathing behavior 1(1) p.30; 1(3) p. 12; 6(2) p. 15(splash bathing to cool eggs in hot weather); 12(1) p. 9 (splash-bathing); 13(3) p. 8 (bathing/feather soaking to cool nestlings); 15(3) p. 19 (using a birdbath); 26 (3) p. 19-22 (and predator risk), (and shedding parasites); 
    • belly soaking 2(2) p. 14 (as possible thermoregulatory mechanism); 12(1) p. 9; 14(1) p. 8;
    • bill-snapping 10 (2) p. 9;
    • brood reduction 7(2) p. 21; 13(3) p. 11; 16(3) p. 11; 17(3) p. 8;
    • cavity checking behavior 9(2) p. 15;
    • cavity fidelity 11(3) p. 6; 16(4) p. 12;
    • cavity selection 22(3) p. 9;
    • cavity-type imprinting 11(3) p. 6; 16(4) p. 12;
    • claiming-reclaiming display 10 (2) p. 9, 11; 15(1) p. 11;
    • colony abandonment 19(1) p. 12 (reasons); 20(2) p.10; 21(4) p. 8, 11; 23(4) p. 5; 24(2) p. 8; 25(2) p. 9; 25(4) p. 21; 28(1) p. 27;
    • color preferences 1(2) p. 23 (of door panels); 15(1) p. 11;
    • commensalism 5(2) p. 20(feeding); 5(3) p.18; 7(4) p. 18;
    • communal cavity roosting 3(4) p. 20; 5(3) p. 17; 7(4) p. 17; 9(1) p. 28; 11(3) p. 1; 25(1) p. 20; 30(2) p. 9; 30(3) p. 14;
    • communal sun bathing 1(4) p. 22;
    • compartment preference 6(4) p. 16; 12(2) p. 14 (adults vs. subadults);
    • competition among martins 17(2) p. 5;
    • dissolving of family unit 5(3) p. 17;
    • dreaming 27 (3) p. 22;
    • drinking water   13(3) p. 8 (on the wing);  29(4) p. 17;
    • drinking salt water 22(3) p. 10;
    • during cold weather  18(2) p. 10;
    • during forest fire 1(4) p. 17;
    • during a storm 5(2) p. 8;
    • during nest checks 13(2) p. 10;
    • early departure from colony 1(1) p.30; 7(4) p. 16; 13(4) p. 8 (reasons for);
    • effects of landlording 9(2) p. 17;
    • effect of yard activity on martins 9(1) p. 16;
    • egg abandonment 5(2) p. 17; 7(1) p. 14; 10 (1) p. 15 (during cold spell); 11(4) p. 8; 15(4) p. 11-12; 16(3) p. 11;
    • egg dumping (see Intraspecific Brood Parasitism);
    • egg laying in two separate cavities 9(2) p. 22;
    • electric bug light and martins 1(1) p. 30;
    • extra-pair copulation 16(3) p. 20-21; 22(3) p. 22;
    • family units intermingling after fledging  13(1) p. 10;
    • feeding behavior 1(4) p. 18 (on the ground); 12(1) p. 10 (on the ground when faced with starvation); 12(3) p. 21 (on the ground); 13(3) p. 15 (grounded insects); 15(3) p. 11 (effected by fog); 16(2) p. 12 (during cold weather); 29(3) p. 25 (feeding height);
    • females and site preference 25(1) p. 21;
    • female stealing nest material 2(4) p. 18;
    • fighting among martins 1(3) p.22; 2(4) p. 20; 7(1) p. 18; 9(4) p. 15 (use of gourds to prevent); 11(2) p. 15; 13(3) p. 9; 14(4) p. 6; 15(2) p. 13; 26 (3) p. 27 (females fighting over gourd);
    • flocking behavior 2(4) p. 24 (during migration);
    • food allocation by parents 14(2) p. 14-15;
    • foraging 5(3) p. 14 (midday); 10 (2) p. 11;
    • forced extra pair copulation 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition); 4(1) p. 4; 6(2) p. 17; 7(2) p. 17;
    • forming of grouping areas 3(4) p. 5-7;
    • foster feeding 5(2) p. 24;
    • frequent rotating of eggs 4(4) p. 27;
    • gaping 10 (2) p. 9;
    • general 2(1) p. 8;
    • green leaf bringing 2(1) p. 1;
    • group behavior 10 (2) p. 10;
    • ground nesting 1(3) p. 11;
    • homing of purple martins 5(2) p. 12;
    • horizontal threat posture 10 (2) p. 8;
    • house preference 2(4) p. 3; 13(3) p. 9 (from year to year by adults); 30(3) p. 16-19; 
    • house domination 2(2) p. 24;
    • house imprinting 5(4) p. 13; 13(3) p. 9 (nestlings);
    • hull-eating behavior 4(4) p. 9;
    • inbreeding (see Breeding)
    • incubation behavior (using Artificial Intelligence)  29(3) p. 8-11
    • in martins with displaced nests 1(2) p. 7;
    • in Washington State 30(1) p. 12-15;
    • infanticide 6(3) p. 7; 10 (3) p. 11; 11(2) p. 16 (by unmated subadult males); 12(4) p. 8; 13(3) p. 27; 14(3) p. 10;
    • interaction with cowbirds 9(1) p. 18;
    • intraspecific brood parasitism 6(4) p. 8; 11(1) p. 15; 12(3) p. 8; 12(4)  p. 8; 14(4) p. 8; 22(4) p. 8;
    • intraspecific kleptoparasitism 2(4) p. 11 (definition); 5(4) p. 18; 7(2) p. 16; 8(1) p. 14; 8(4) p. 23; 11(1) p. 14;
    • intraspecific fighting  15(4) p. 29 (among females);
    • juvenile harassment 2(4) p. 14-15 (implications);
    • juveniles visiting breeding sites after fledging 12 (4) p. 10;
    • late nesting 1(1) p. 29; 8(3) p. 15; 13(4) p. 9 (reasons for); 28(4) p. 19 (in Texas);
    • leaf plucking 31(3) p. 11;
    • low feeding by martins 4(3) p. 15;
    • male porch domination 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 2(2) p. 24; 2(4) p. 11 (definition), 25; 6(2) p.17; 13(1) p. 10;
    • mantling 10 (3) p. 10, 11;
    • martins and humans 6(2) p. 15;
    • martin putting dead smelt in compartment  19(3) p.18;
    • martins visiting other colonies 4(2) p. 17;
    • mate fidelity 11(3) p. 6; 15(2) p.11; 16(4) p. 12; 19(3) p. 12;
    • mate guarding 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition);
    • mating  3(4) p. 5 (among juveniles); 4(3)  p. 14;  12(2)  p. 14 (pairing with martins of same age); 12 (3) p.8;  12(4)  p. 9 (when); 14(3) p. 8; 15(3) p. 9 (female preference for older males); 16(4) p. 12; 20(2) p.8; 20(3) p. 8;
    • mobbing behavior 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 2(4) p. 10 (definition); 10 (3) p. 15 (martins mobbing radio-controlled airplane); 12(4) p. 18 (mobbing pellet wounded starling); 13(1) p. 11; 31(3) p. 11 (kid's kites);
    • midday foraging 5(3) p. 14;
    • natal dispersal 2(3) p. 19; 11(3) p. 6; 12(2) p. 26-28 (dispersal distance/sexual difference/preferred dispersal direction); 16(4) p. 12; 20(3) p. 29 (in Saskatchewan); 20(4) p. 4-7 (of eastern martins on western periphery of range); 25(1) p. 21;
    • natal site fidelity 11(3) p. 6; 16(4) p. 12;
    • nest abandonment 2(3) p. 17-18; 7(2) p. 16; 8(4) p. 23; 12(2) p. 10 (reasons); 18(3) p. 11 (reasons); 18(4) p. 10 (reasons); 19(2) p. 12 (and weather); 25(1) p. 21; 29(1) p. 13 (reasons);
    • nestling/parent signature 13(4) p. 10 (nestling recognition by parents);
    • nesting in places other than man-made housing  (see Nests);
    • noise (effects on martins) 4(4) p. 14;
    • of widowed female 13(2) p. 11;
    • pair bond formation 7(1) p. 12, 16; 10 (2) p. 11; 12(2) p. 14 (with martins of same age);13(2) p. 10; 16 (2) p. 28; 18(2) p. 10; 19(2) p. 21 (in relation to age); 20(3) p. 8;
    • panting in martins 12(3) p. 8;
    • parental duties 1(4) p. 27; 29(3) p. 24 (parental care);
    • parents abandoning grounded young 7(2) p. 14;
    • parents assembling the brood 3(4) p. 5-7;
    • parents eating eggshells of young 16(3) p. 11;
    • parents ejecting young from nest (see Brood Reduction under Behavior);
    • parents feeding grounded nestlings 14(4) p. 6;
    • parents mobbing landlord 7(2) p. 14; 12(3) p. 9;(also see Aerial strafing of landlords)
    • parents mobbing newly fledged young 7(2) p. 14;
    • parents protecting young 4(4) p. 16; 6(2) p. 23;
    • parents withholding food to encourage fledging 17(4) p. 11;
    • polygamy 3(4) p. 25; 5(2) p. 24;
    • poor parenting 1(1) p. 15;
    • porch wandering 13(3) p.9;
    • post-breeding behavior 11 (3) p. 6;
    • post-breeding nest cavity defense 6(3) p. 28; 10 (1) p. 14; 10 (3) p. 13, 14;
    • post-fledgling behavior of parents 3(4) p. 4-7; 6(3) p. 15;
    • post-fledging feeding  3(4) p. 6-7;
    • post-fledging wandering 10 (4) p. 2; 11 (3) p. 6;
    • preening 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 10 (2) p. 11; 
    • premature fledging 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 2(4) p. 10 (definition); 6(2) p. 11 (during nest checks); 6(3) p. 8 (preventing); 9(1) p. 4; 11(2) p. 17 (entrance type causing); 15(2) p. 10; 15(3) p. 12 (how to prevent during nest checks); 16(3) p. 18 (reasons); 17(1) p. 16; 17(4) p. 11; 27(4) p. 19 (preventing);  28(4) p. 19 (reasons); 30(4) p. 22; 31(1) p. 9;
    • raider behavior 3(4) p. 5,7;
    • removal of addled eggs by adults 4(2) p. 16; 15(3) p. 11; 25(4) p. 19; 30(3) p. 15;
    • renesting attempts  4(3) p. 12; 4(4) p.14; 6(3) p.22; 7(1) p.12; 7(4) p.15; 12(3) p. 8, 26 (how to tell if you have one); 14(4) p. 19; 15(3) p. 10; 16(3) p. 11; 17(1) p. 18; 21(3) p. 16; 24(3) p. 4 (following windstorm); 25(3) p. 8; 26 (3) p. 5, 23, 27; 27(4) p. 27;
    • reproductive behavior 2(4) p. 4;
    • reverse migration 5(3) p. 17;
    • roosting behavior 5(2) p. 8-9; 10 (4) p. 21 (on roof and windowsill of house for warmth); 11(2) p. 15 (seeking warm sites to roost); 13(1)  p. 10 (fledglings roosting outside housing); 29(4) p. 18;
    • second broods 15(3) p. 20-22;
    • site abandonment 4(1) p.16; 4(4) p. 22; 5(1) p.16; 6(3) p.15; 7(4) p.15, 16; 8(3) p. 17; 10 (4) p. 16 (reasons); 11(3) p. 5-6; 17(1) p. 11; 17(4) p. 11;
    • site fidelity 1(1) p. 15; 4(1) p. 23; 6(1) p. 17; 8(2) p.14; 11(3) p. 5; 15(2) p.11; 15(3) p. 13; 18(4) p. 11, 25-27 (p. arboricola); 31(2) p. 12;
    • site imprinting 21(3) p. 12;
    • sleeping behavior 2(3) p. 1-5; 9(1) p. 17;  12(3) p. 10 (outside housing); 13(1) p. 10;
    • spinning 10 (3) p. 8;
    • splash bathing (see bathing behavior)
    • staging 28(4) p. 20;
    • stooped-submissive fight display 3(4) p. 5; 10(2) p. 9, 10, 11;
    • sun bathing 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 7(4) p. 22; 10 (2) p. 9, 10, 11; 11(2) p. 23;
    • survival behavior 11(3) p. 1 (during cold weather);
    • territorial agonism 10 (2) p. 8;
    • use of old nests 3(4) p. 23; 4(4) p. 25, 28 (benefits); 11(2) p. 14; 18(1) p. 12;
    • vocalizations 10 (2) p. 10;
    • warming up on rocks 11(2) p. 22 (at PMCA site);
    • weather induced ground feeding  1(4) p. 18; 5(4) p. 22; 7(4) p. 24;
    • wintering in U.S. 19(1) p. 19 (Ohio);
    • yard lighting (effects on martins) 4(4) p. 14; 8(3) p. 15;
  • Bell, Ralph K.  16(1) p. 3; 23(3) p. 28;
  • Bent's life history 5(2) p. 2 (purple martins);
  • Bernheim Arboretum and Research Forest  15(4) p. 6-9;
  • Bewick's Wren 25(3) p. 26-27;
  • Biotic 6(3) p. 5 (definition);
  • Birds (general info) 29(1) p. 26-27 (actions to help birds);
  • Bird Banding Laboratory 18(1) p. 13;
  • Birdbander's diary 1(2) p. 6;
  • Birdbaths 14(2) p. 10 (and martins); 22(3) p. 8 (and martins); 24(1) p. 7 (and martins);
  • Bird beaks 21(4) p. 22-23;  29(1) p. 28-29;
  • Bird words 1(1) p. 14 (martin lingo, terminology); 1(2) p. 27; 1(3) p. 23; 1(4) p. 23; 2(4) p. 10;
  • Bird feeding 8(2) p. 12;
  • Bird Flu (see Avian Flu Viruses under Diseases)
  • Birdseed (see diet)
  • Black flies (see Ectoparasites)
  • Blood 12(4) p. 6 (sampling procedure); 17(4) p. 2-3 (sampling procedure);
  • Blood parasites (in martins) 17(4) p. 2;
  • Blowflies (see Ectoparasites)
  • Blue Martins 24(4) p. 6 (masked woodswallow);
  • Bluebirds (See Nest Site Competitors);
  • Bobcat 22(3) p. 14 (near martin housing);
  • Bolivar Peninsula Texas 19(2) p. 26 (Hurricane Ike effects on purple martins);
  • Bolus 4(3) p. 15 (description);
  • Brazil 1(4) p. 1-5 (Brazilian wintering grounds), 6 (die-offs in Brazil); 4(1) p. 22; 6(1) p. 2 (deaths from Brazilian tornado); 13(2) p. 2-7, 29 (Brazilian Wintering grounds-research trip); 21(1) p. 3-5 (bird conservation);  28(4) p. 12-17 (PMCA Expedition Part 1); 29(1) p. 6-12 (PMCA Expedition Part 2);
  • Breeding  1(1) p. 8-9, 12, 22 (distribution); 2(3) p. 19; 11(4) p. 11; 15(1) p. 12; (inbreeding); 4(2) p. 14 (distribution in Pennsylvania); 4(4) p. 12 (distribution in Michigan); 6(3) p. 13 (in Bufflehead duck nest box); 6(4) p. 6 (breeding success in martins); 8(1) p. 7 (breeding range), 14 (improving breeding success); 8(4) p. 2 (success in housing types); 10 (1) p. 7 (breeding range); 10 (2) p. 17 (time); 19(2) p. 11 (interbreeding between eastern and western martins); 21(4) p. 9 (female breeding age); 31(1) p. 10 (breeding range);
  • Breeding Bird Atlases 4(4) p. 13;
  • Brevillier Village 21(1) p. 6-7 (landlord experiences);
  • Bristles (definition) 16(4) p. 13;
  • Bronco Equine Fly Spray 19(4) p.23 (for blackflies);
  • Brood  2(4) p. 10 (Single- definition), 22 (number in martins); 3(4) p. 5 (assembling of/grouping areas), 21 (double broodedness); 6(3) p. 20(number in martins); 7(2) p. 18 (second); 8(4) p. 16 (number of); 9(3) p. 19 (second); 10 (4) p. 17 (second); 15(3) p. 20-22 (second); 18(4) p. 18-19 (second in South Texas); 25(1) p. 22-25 (second); 27(4) p. 27; 28(4) p. 19, 20 (second in Texas);
  • Brooding 1(1) p. 14 (definition);
  • Brood patch 4(4) p. 26;
  • Brood reduction (see Behavior)
  • Brown-chested martins (Progne tapera) 12(1) p. 11; 13(2) p. 2; 13(3) p. 8; 17(4) p. 14; 19(1) p. 10, 19 (in Mass.); 25(4) p. 18; 26(2) p. 12-13; 29(4) p. 14;
  • Brown-crested flycatchers 17(2) p. 24-25;
  • Buckeye Martinfest 17(3) p. 4-5 (2008); 18(4) p. 28-29 (2009); 19(4) p.5 (2010);
  • Buffalo gnats (aka Black flies-see Ectoparasites)
  • Bumper guard (see Housing/SREH);
  • Butcher, Jesse 1(2) p. 8 (landlord interview);
  • Butterflies (see Diet)

C

  • Cahokia Mounds  17(4) p. 22;
  • Canopies (see Gourds)
  • Cactus Wren (see Housing)
  • Calcium supplementation 15(2) p. 20-22 (and martin reproduction); 16(3) p. 12;
  • Campbell, Barbara 30(2) p. 22-24 (purple martin sanctuary);
  • Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Center 18(3) p. 1;
  • Cape Cod 22(4) p. 22-25;
  • Cape May Point State Park 11(1) p. 24;
  • Caribbean martin (Progne dominicensis) 17(4) p. 15; 19(1) p. 10; 29(4) p. 14;
  • Cartwright 3-hole entrance (see Housing/SREH);
  • Cassin's Finch 14(3) p. 10 (caught in sparrow trap); 
  • Cats (see Predators)
  • Cavity fidelity (see Behavior)
  • Cavity reduction 12(1) p. 11 (to see if new sites would be established);
  • Cavity-type imprinting (see Behavior)
  • Cedar waxwings 3(2) p. 20;
  • Cedar shavings 1(4) p. 24; 4(3) p. 16; 5(2) p. 23; 5(3) p. 15 (safety); 8(3) p. 14; 12(2) p. 8 (safety); 13(3) p. 10 (swallowed by nestling); 14(1) p. 10;
  • Central Virginia's 11th Annual Purple Martin Field Day 14(4) p. 29;
  • CFI Industries 26(4) p. 26-27 (house installation at);
  • Chalaza 4(4) p. 27 (definition);
  • Chambers, Louise 26(2) p. 14-15 (retirement);
  • Charleston birdhouse auction 2(1) p. 14 (auction for charity);
  • Chesapeake Wildlife Heritage 28(2) p. 14-16;
  • Chimney Swifts 3(1) p. 24; 1(3) p.13 (tries stealing prey from martin); 4(1) p. 22; 6(2) p. 16; 7(1) p. 17 (effects of swift nesting structure on martin colony); 9(2) p. 14; 9(4) p. 24; 16 (2) p. 24-25; 20(2) p.10 (nesting near martins); 21(4) p. 8-9; 22(4) p. 9; 28(1) p. 27; 28(2) p. 23;
  • Chorion (see Egg)
  • Chorionallantois (see Egg)
  • Civil War 8(4) p. 7 (martin box regiment);
  • Cleaning housing (see Housing)
  • Climate Change (see Weather)
  • Cloaca 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
  • Cloacal Kiss  16(3) p. 9;
  • Clutch 1(1) p. 14 (definition);
  • Clutch initiation (see Nest)
  • Clutch size (see Nest)
  • Coates martin housing (see Housing)
  • Coastal Carolina Purple Martin Society 19(3) p.26-28;
  • Coastal Habitat Alliance 17(4) p. 1;
  • Coevolution 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
  • Colony
    • abandonment (See Behavior)
    • age-out 5(4) p. 16; 31(2) p. 13;
    • and Homeowner's Associations 19(2) p. 11; 26(1) p. 18-19; 31(2) p. 8-10;
    • checking ground beneath  1(4) p. 28-29;
    • chickens near 26(2) p. 21;
    • colony-site recruitment 11 (3) p. 6;
    • counting martins at 4(4) p. 15;
    • decline 2(3) p. 25 (loss of martins); 3(1) p. 25 (reasons); 9(1) p. 20 (and tree encroachment); 12(2) p. 10 (reasons); decline 12(3) p. 10 (reasons for); 25(3) p. 20-21 (reasons for); 31(2) p. 13;
    • definition of 1(1) p. 14; 6(3) p. 16;
    • density 21(1) p. 8-9;
    • early departure (see Behavior)
    • establishing 1(1) p. 20 (problems); 1(4) p. 8 (landlord's checklist), 21, 28 (detecting what's happening at colony); 2(1) p. 26; 4(2) p. 26 (tips); 4(4) p. 16; 9(3) p. 26 (social attraction); 9(4) p. 21; 12(2) p. 11 (after prior colony was removed); 16(4) p. 11; 21(3) p. 12; 25(1) p. 20, 21;  27 (1) p. 26;
    • increasing size 1(2) p. 4 (increasing by entrance placement design); 2(1) p. 26-27 (increasing); 3(4) p. 28-29; 9(1) p. 15 (number of cavities per colony); 9(4) p. 16; 13(4) p. 9;  19(3) p. 13 (reduced); 21(3) p. 12 (occupancy); 24(3) p. 10-12 (pros/cons);
    • loss of pond  14(2) p. 10 (effects of);
    • management 1(4) p. 5(3) p. 22; 8(1) p. 10; 13(4) p. 18 (tools); 19(1) p. 20-23;  23(4) p. 24-25; 31(2) p. 18-19 (ground observations below housing);
    • martin watcher's checklist 2(4) p. 12;
    • public martin projects  17(1) p. 24-28;
    • predation of (see Predators)
    • reestablishing 8(3) p. 17;
    • registering 1(1) p. 29, 37; 1(2) p. 5; 2(4) p. 4 (registration project); 10 (4) p. 14;
    • relocating 7(1) p. 25; 12(4) p. 23; 13(1) p. 27; 23(3) p. 7; 24(1) p. 7;
    • report card project 1989 2(2) p. 13;
    • rescuing a martin colony 12(2) p. 24 (Raleigh, NC site);
    • satellite sites 21(1) p. 11-13;
    • success rate 28(2) p. 24;
    • super 10 (4) p. 15 (effects of near new colonies); 12(4) p. 22;
    • tips to prepare  16(1) p. 8-9;
    • wind turbines near (see Housing);
  • Colonization 9(2) p. 16 (of new sites);
  • Color of housing (see Housing)
  • Color preferences (see Behavior)
  • Commensal feeding (see Behavior)
  • Commensalism (see Behavior)
  • Common house martin (Delichon urbicum) 23(3) p. 6;
  • Common nighthawk 20(3) p. 15;
  • Communal cavity roosting (see Behavior)
  • Communal sun bathing (see Behavior)
  • Compartment size (see Houses)
  • Conley entrance hole- WDC (see Housing/SREH); 
  • Conneaut Lake, PA 18(3) p. 20-21 (house rescue);
  • Connecticut 21(1) p. 20-23 (landlord experiences); 23(3) p. 14-17 (and purple martin conservation);
  • Conjunctivitis (see Ailments)
  • Conservation status (of purple martins) 16 (4) p. 2-5; 17(1) p. 2-3, 19; 17(2) p. 2-4;
  • Cooke, Kenneth C. (tribute) 25(1) p. 3;
  • Copper sulfate 6(3) p. 14; 8(2) p. 15; 11(1) p. 23 (soaking gourds in); 13(1)  p. 8; 14(2) p. 8, 27; 15(3) p. 13; 
  • Cowbirds 5(2) p. 17; 9(1) p. 18;
  • CREOB entrance hole (see Housing/SREH);
  • Crested Caracaras 17(2) p. 12 (and martins);
  • Crickets (see Diet)
  • Crissum 1(2) p. 27 (definition);
  • Cross-species fostering 9(3) p. 26 (definition); 15(2) p. 19;
  • Crowley's Restaurant (martin colony) 11(3) p. 16;
  • Crows (see Predators)
  • Cuban Martin (Progne cryptoleuca) 26(2) p. 10; 29(4) p. 14; 30(3) p. 7;
  • Cumberland County, NJ Purple Martin Festival 11(3) p. 15;

D

  • Dawnsong 1(1) p. 20; 2(1) p. 10; 2(3) p. 22; 2(4) p. 11 (definition); 4(2) p. 26; 4(3) p. 14; 5(2) p. 20; 5(3) p. 16; 6(1) p. 16, 23 (attracting snakes); 6(4) p. 14; 7(1) p. 16; 7(4) p. 16;8(3) p. 8, 9 (use of outdoor speakers); 9(1) p. 17; 9(3) p. 17 (and subadults), 27; 9(4) p. 16, p. 23; 10 (2) p. 12; 10 (4) p. 15; 11(3) p. 9; 11(4) p. 9 (and audio equipment), 10; 12(1) p. 9, 10; 13(1) p. 11; 13 (3) p. 11 (height of flight during); 14(2) p. 6; 14(4) p. 7; 17(2) p. 11; 17(4) p. 10; 19(2) p. 12; 21(4) p. 11;  24(1) p. 7; 24(2) p. 8; 25(4) p. 20;
  • Daylily Grants 17(2) p. 22-23;
  • Daytime chatter recordings 9(3) p. 28; 10 (2) p. 12; 10 (4) p. 15; 11(3) p. 9;
  • Deaths 2(3) p. 14 (N. Carolina bridge); 4(1) p. 10 (what to do when you find dead martins); 8(3) p. 15 (during migration); 9(3) p. 20 (nestlings due to weather); 10 (2) p. 17 (dead female in nest); 11(1) p. 16 (dead female in nest); 12(2) p. 9 (due to cold weather); 12(3) p. 9 (death of female during nesting period); 12(3) p. 11 (death of parent); 12(4)  p. 12-15 (on North Carolina's William B. Umstead Bridge), 18 (struck by car), 19 (trapped in gourd due to loosened porch), 22 (due to cold spell); 14(2) p. 2 (Umstead Bridge update), 11 (causes); 14(4) p. 6 (causes of adult deaths);15(2) p. 12 (weather related); 15(4) p. 19 (due to traffic); 19(2) p. 10 (during cold weather); 21(3) p. 11 (effects on nestlings); 23(1) p. 9; 26 (3) p. 24 (possible window collision); 31(2) p. 13 (probable causes);
  • Decoys 2(3) p. 26-27; 4(4) p. 2 (how to make); 9(3) p. 28; 10 (2) p. 12; 11(4) p. 10; 12 (1) p. 10 (how many to use/when to take down); 13(2) p. 11 (attracting sharp-shinned hawk); 17(2) p. 11; 20(2) p.9 (used to distract hawks); 23(3) p. 29; 24(2) p. 8; 25(2) p. 26-27 (and social attraction); 26(2) p. 21; 27(4) p. 28; 29(4) p. 19; 30(2) p. 9 (to distract hawks);
  • DEEP (Dept. of Energy and Environmental Protection) 26(4) p. 15-17;
  • Delaware State Park 16(1) p. 26;
  • Delayed plumage maturation 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition);
  • Delichon urbicum  (see Common house martin);
  • Dellinger, Dr. Thomas Baynes 6(4) p. 1 (1995 landlord of the year); 17(4) p. 1 (death of);
  • Departure dates 3(2) p. 24; 6(4) p. 19; 7(4) p. 15; 27(4) p. 25;
  • Desert martins 3(2) p. 3;
  • Diaries 1(2) p. 6 (bird bander's), 14 (keeping a martin diary); 2(1) p. 16 (of a martin weather disaster);
  • Diatomaceous earth 3(4) p. 29; 5(3) 16; 5(4) p. 15; 6(1) p. 21; 6(3) p. 17; 7(1) p. 14, 21; 7(4) p. 15; 8(2) p. 17; 9(1) p. 15; 9(3) p. 15; 10 (3) p. 13 (reasons not to use); 12(2) p. 21 (reasons not to use);  27 (1) p. 25;
  • Die-offs 1(4) p. 6 (in Brazil);
  • Diet
    • Africanized "Killer" bees 12(1) p. 8;
    • birdseed 1(4) p. 22; 3(1) p. 24; 8(2) p. 12, 20; 13(4) p. 11;
    • butterflies 4(1) p. 22; 7(1) p. 13:
    • cheddar cheese 6(1) p. 6 (Donath star feeder article);
    • cottage cheese 6(1) p. 6 (Donath star feeder article);
    • crickets 9(1) p. 27 (emergency foul-weather feeding); 9(2) p. 18 (feeding to martins); 12(1) p. 10 (feeding to martins); 12(4) p. 8 (storing/calorie content of); 13(1) p. 25;
    • caterpillars 12(4) p. 21;
    • cicadas  13(3) p. 8;
    • coffee grounds 17(2) p. 10 (as grit);
    • corn fodder 13(4) p. 10 (nestling eating);
    • dragonflies 1(3) p. 22; 4(3) p. 13 (controlling to help fish farmers); 4(4) p. 16; 5(4) p. 17; 28(2) p. 8-11 (during migration);
    • Ecological energetics 23(2) p. 26-28;
    • eggshells 1(4) p. 25; 1(3) p. 26; 2(4) p. 3-4 (vs. oyster shell); 3(4) p. 29; 4(2) p. 26; 4(3) p. 15; 6(1) p. 6; 6(4) p. 13, 20; 7(1) p. 13; 10 (3) p. 14 (preparing); 13(1) p. 11; 13(2) p. 9; 14(4) p. 7; 15(2) p. 12 (and salmonella); 15(2) p. 20-22 (calcium supplementation); 16(3) p. 11, 12; 23(1) p. 9; 23(2) p. 11; 23(3) p.5-6;
    • flies 9(3) p. 17;
    • flying ants 14(3) p. 10;
    • fruit 5(2) p. 25;
    • general 3(4) p. 25; 4(1) p. 24; 4(3) p. 15, 18; 4(4) p. 14; 5(2) p. 6; 7(4) p. 15; 16 (2) p. 29; 26(2) p. 22-25; 26(1) p. 20, 25;  29(3) p. 25;
    • grasshoppers 2(4) p. 16; 9(2) p. 23; 4(2) p. 24;
    • grit 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 2(4) p. 4 (nestling gizzard/grit study); 3(2) p. 21; 2(1) p. 27(seashells); 6(4) p. 12; 13(3) p. 10; 13(4) p. 9, 11 (birdseed); 14(4) p. 18; 17(2) p. 10; 18(1) p. 11; 19(4) p.10 (cause of nestling death?); 23(1) p. 9; 30(1) p. 22;
    • honeybees 5(1) p. 18; 8(1) p. 15;
    • Japanese beetles 27(4) p. 27;
    • mealworms 4(3) p. 2 (feeding to martins), 4 (where to buy); 6(1) p. 6, 7 (raising), 8 (where to buy); 8(4) p. 17 (feeding to nestlings); 11(1) p. 14; 12(1) p. 10 (feeding to martins); 12(4) p. 8 (calorie content of);
    • midge fly  2(3) p. 16;
    • mosquitoes 1(4) p. 9; 2(3) p. 8-13 (relationship to control of), 16; 2(4) p. 19; 4(2) p. 18; 4(4) p. 16; 7(4) p. 15; 9(4) p. 17; 10 (2) p. 15; 10 (3) p. 12; 11(3) p.10; 25(3) p. 17; 27 (2) p. 16;
    • moths 12(3) p. 22 (Promethia moth);
    • oyster shell 2(2) p. 25; 2(3) p. 25;  2(4) p. 3-4 (vs. eggshell); 7(1) p. 13; 10 (3) p. 14; 13(1) p. 11; 15(2) p. 20-22 (vs. eggshells); 16(3) p. 12; 18(1) p. 11; 23(3) p. 6;
    • scrambled eggs 6(1) p. 6 (Donath star feeder article); 11(1) p. 14;
    • sunflower seeds 19(3) p. 12;
    • tent caterpillars 5(2) p. 25; 13(3) p. 15;
    • termites 26(2) p. 22-25;
  • Diseases
    • avian botulism 16(4) p. 10;
    • avian flu viruses 14(2) p. 8; 15(1) p. 9 (risk assessment for landlords); 15(2) p. 12; 15(3) p. 1; 16(1) p. 13;
    • avian pneumonia 15(2) p. 12;
    • avian pox 2(2) p. 16; 7(2) p. 16; 23(4) p. 5;  24(3) p. 4; 27 (1) p. 26;
    • encephalitis 12(4) p. 5;
    • gout 18(1) p. 18-19;
    • histoplasmosis  11(3) p. 10; 26(1) p. 19;
    • martin malaria 15(3) p. 8-9;
    • salmonella 7(4) p. 12; 15(2) p. 12; 18(1) p. 11;
    • West Nile virus 11(3) p. 10; 15(2) p. 12;
  • Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund Grant 24(2) p. 5; 25(1) p. 2;
  • Dispersal (from natal site) (see behavior)
  • Displaced nests (see behavior)
  • Distance between housing (see Housing)
  • Distribution 5(2) p. 11 (of martins);
  • DNA 2(3) p. 22-23; 4(1) p. 1 (Morton article on paternity of nestlings); 12(3) p. 8; 17(4) p. 2-3; 
  • Donahue, Phil  19(3) p. 3-5;  31(2) p. 14-17 (fecal testing-metabar coding); 
  • Donath, Edwin W. 6(1) p. 6-8 (star feeder); 7(4) p. 2 (1996 landlord of the year); 9(2) p. 21 (star feeder); 11(1) p. 14;
  • Doppler radar (Use in detecting roosts)  7(1) p. 2-6; 8(2) p. 26-29; 13(3) p. 6-7; 14(4) p. 4-5 (for monitoring roosts); 26(1) p. 19;
  • Double Broodness (see Brood)
  • Doves 15(3) p. 10 (nesting on porch of martin housing);
  • Dr. Bronner's Peppermint Soap 18(3) p. 16 (for mites);
  • Dragonflies (see Diet)
  • Dropouts (see fallouts)
  • Droppings 5(3) p. 14; 11(3)  p. 10 (histoplasmosis from); 13(2) p. 5 (uric acid in);
  • Drought 1(3) p. 14 (and martin deaths); 15(1) p. 12 (its effects on martins); 16(3) p. 10; 17(4) p. 11 (Texas- deaths);
  • Duct Tape 9(4) p. 16 (effects on martin feathers);

E

  • Eastern house finch (see Houses)
  • Eastern Phoebes  20(2) p.10;
  • Eastern Wisconsin Purple Martin Association 21(2) p. 2; 21(3) p. 1; 21(4) p. 26-27;
  • Ectoparasites
    • and cedar shavings 5(1) p. 29 (safety);
    • and diatomaceous earth (see Diatomaceous Earth)
    • and green leaves (see Nest)
    • and mothballs 13(1) p. 8;
    • bedbugs 5(1) p. 1; 9(1) p. 15;  28(3) p. 15;
    • biting midge 15(3) p. 8-9;
    • black flies (buffalo gnats) 5(1) p. 1; 7(1) p. 13; 13(4) p. 24-25; 18(3) p. 11; 18(4) p. 11; 19(4) p.23 (use of Bronco Equine Fly Spray); 23(4) p. 5 (buffalo gnats); 24(1) p. 14 (use of Absorbine Jr. to repell);  28(3) p. 15; 29(2) p. 16;
    • blowflies 3(4) p. 17; 4(3) p. 16, 20; 5(1) p. 1; 6(2) p. 16; 6(3) p. 17; 9(2) p. 2; 10 (3) p. 10; 12(4) p. 10; 13(1) p. 26; 23(4) p. 5; 27 (2) p. 17 (larva); 28(3) p. 15;
    • buffalo gnats (see Black flies)
    • definition 5(1) p. 7;
    • effects on reproductive success 2(4) p. 3;
    • fleas 4(3) p. 16; 4(4) p. 29; 5(1) p. 1; 6(1) p. 21; 8(2) p. 17; 9(1) p. 15; 16(2) p. 12;  28(3) p. 16;
    • host 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
    • host-specific parasite 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
    • lice 1(3) p. 24; 3(4) p. 17; 5(1) p. 1; 6(1) p. 21; 6(3) p.17; 9(1) p. 15; 28(3) p. 15;
    • louse flies 5(1) p. 1;
    • mites 1(3) p. 24; 4(3) p. 16; 5(1) p. 1, 28; 6(1) p. 21; 6(3) p. 17 7(1) p. 21; 9(1) p. 15; 9(2) p. 4; 11(4) p. 20 (controlling); 13(4) p. 10 (wristbands to keep off of landlord); 18(3) p. 16 (use of Dr. Bronner's Peppermint Soap on threads of gourd lids to kill); 21(3) p. 10; 23(2) p. 9 (use of coffee grounds to control); 26(2) p. 5;  26(4) p. 22; 27 (1) p. 26 (use of tobacco leaves to control);  28(3) p. 16-17; 31(4) p. 14 (controlling);
    • mosquitoes 5(1) p. 1;  28(3) p. 15;
    • nit 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
    • pesticide use 2(3) p. 16 (sulfur); 2(4) p. 5 (levels in martins), 29; 3(4) p. 17 (No-pest strips), 29 (No-pest strips); 4(4) p. 29 (sevin/sulfur/pyrethrin); 5(1) p. 28 (No-pest strips); 5(3) p. 16 (sevin/sulfur/marathion/rotenone); 6(1) p. 21 (sevin); 6(3) p. 17; 7(1) p. 13 (pyrethrum), 14 (sulfur/sevin); 7(4) p. 16; 9(3) p. 15 (sulfur), 19 (malathion); 10 (3) p. 13 (Sevin); 13(4) p. 24-25 (Flys-Awaya II, Pyrethrin, Absorbine Flys-X, Ultrathon);  28(3) p. 17 (use in nests);
    • preventing fledglings from returning to natal cavities 13(1) p. 10;
    • swallow bug 9(2) p. 4;
    • ticks 5(1) p. 1; 12(3) p. 8;
    • wood ash 23(2) p. 9 (use as natural mite control);
  • Edinboro Colony 15(3) p. 2-4;
  • Egg
    • 6-egg clutch  8(4) p. 3 (prevalence);
    • 7-egg clutch 8(4) p. 3 (prevalence); 12(4) p. 21; 21(3) p. 17;
    • 8-egg clutch 10 (4) p. 19 (photo); 12(4) p. 21; 17(3) p. 8; 20(3) p. 11; 21(3) p. 17;
    • abandonment (see Behavior)
    • addled 1(1) p. 31; 1(3) p. 27; 4(2) p. 16(removal by adults), 27; 5(1) p. 16; 5(2) p. 17;6(1) p. 14; 6(4) p. 7; 8(1) p. 13; 10 (3) p. 6 (description/photo); 22(3) p. 9 (on ground);
    • allantois 16(3) p. 8-9;
    • amnion 16(3) p. 8-9;
    • artificial 9(3) p. 28 (use of to attract martins);
    • Avian egg microflora 23(1) p. 6-7;
    • brushed out by parents 4(4) p. 25;
    • capping 6(4) p. 7; 8(1) p. 13; 10 (3) p. 6 (description/photo), 10; 19(1) p. 22;
    • chalazae 16(3) p. 8-9;
    • chorioallantois 16(3) p. 8-9;
    • chorion 16(3) p. 8-9;
    • counting 6(1) p. 12;
    • cracked 9(2) p. 14; 11(2) p. 14 (how to repair/and unlubricated brake winches);
    • delay period 12(2) p. 15;
    • description 10 (3) p. 6 (description/photo); 12(2) p. 8; 19(2) p. 12;
    • determinate egg layers (definition) 6(3) p. 18;
    • double yolk 11(3) p. 11;
    • dumping (see Intraspecific Brood Parasitism);
    • embryonic development 16(3) p. 8-9;
    • failure to hatch 6(4) p. 7-8, 15 (reasons);  8(1) p. 13 (reasons); 8(4) p. 4;  
    • fertilization of 9(1) p. 17; 16(3) p. 8-9; 25(3) p. 20;
    • frequent rotating of 4(4) p. 27;
    • germinal spot 16(3) 8-9;
    • hatching 10 (3) p. 6 (pipping photo); 15(3) p. 12; 16(3) p. 8-9; 22(3) p. 8;
    • hemispheres 10 (3) p. 6 (description/photo);
    • identification 14(3) p. 26-29;
    • in gourd with no nest 9(1) p. 16;
    • incubation of 4(3) p. 15; 7(1) p. 14; 7(2) p. 15; 8(4) 17; 10 (4) p. 14 (interruption); 15(3) p. 12; 19(4) p.9; 22(3) p. 8; 28(4) p. 20;
    • indeterminate egg layers (definition) 6(3) p. 18;
    • infertile 4(1) p. 22; 4(2) p. 16(removal by adults); 6(1) p. 14; 6(4) p. 7, 15; 8(1) p. 13; 11(4) p. 8;
    • initiation of egg laying 9(1) p. 17;
    • laying  3(2) p. 25;  9(2) p. 22 (in two seperate cavities); 12(2) p. 15 (early arrival); 18(2) p. 9 (commencement of); 19(2) p. 22 (early arrival); 26 (3) p. 27;
    • loss of 4(4) p. 25;
    • loss to predators 4(3) p. 11;
    • on ground (see addled eggs above)
    • penultimate 7(2) p. 15;
    • pipping 9(2) p. 14; 19(4) p.9;
    • removing from nest 2(1) p. 24; 9(4) p. 14; 11(4) p. 10; 16(3) p. 12;
    • shape and flight 27 (3) p. 14-15 (study involving egg shape and flight);
    • shaking 18(3) p. 11 (starling eggs); 18(3) p. 17 (house sparrows);
    • switching between nests 8(4) p. 14; 11(1) p. 19;
    • touching eggs 12(3) p. 11 (skin oils clogging pores);
    • twinning 30(1) p. 22 (double embryos);
    • unhatched 1(3) p. 27; 4(1) p. 22; 4(3) p. 11; 16(3) p. 11; 16(4) p. 10; 18(4) p. 10; 19(1) p. 22; 19(4) p.9; 20(3) p. 8; 21(4) p. 10; 25(3) p. 8;
  • Egg laying (See Egg)
  • Egg Mom 23(3) p. 26;
  • Egg tooth 1(3) p. 23 (definition); 16(3) p. 9;
  • Eggshell (see Diet)
  • Elastometric (see Gourds);
  • Electric bug light (and martins) 1(1) p. 30;
  • Electrocution 1(4) p. 17 (of martin);
  • Ellis Bird Farm 23(1) p. 5;
  • Embryonic development (in birds) 16(3) p. 8-9;
  • Encephalitis  (see Diseases);
  • Endemic 6(3) p. 5 (definition);
  • Endoparasite 5(1) p. 7 (definition); 8(3) p. 14 (anal flukes); 15(3) p. 9 (air sac worm);
  • Enlarging compartments (see Houses; Housing)
  • Entrance hole diameter (see Housing)
  • Esposito, Alisa 12(4) p. 16-17;  28(1) p. 12-15;
  • Essex County Purple Martin Association 14(1) p. 12-14; 19(1) p. 14-15;
  • Estate Planning and purple martins  27 (3) p. 26-27;
  • European paper wasps (see Wasps);
  • Euthanization (of sparrows and starlings) 5(1) p. 17;
  • Excluder entrance hole (see Houses/SREH);
  • Exotic species 6(3) p. 5 (definition);
  • Extra-pair copulation (see Behavior)
  • eyesight in martins 12(4) p. 8;

F

  • Fallouts (see Nestlings)
  • Fallout shelters 1(3) p. 13 (for gourds); 9(3) p. 21;
  • Feathers 10 (4) p. 15(missing tail feathers); 11(4) p. 9 (missing tail feathers); 16(4) p. 13 (molting and feather description); 18(2) p. 10 (missing tail feathers); 19(4) p. 9 (loss of tail feathers); 20(3) p. 11;  23(4) p. 21-22; 31(3) p. 28-29;
  • Fecal sacs 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 1(4) p. 24; 2(4) p. 10 (definition); 5(1) p. 14; 10 (3) p. 11, 12 (voiding at entrance hole/removal by parents); 17(4) p. 11; 18(1) p. 11 (adults eating); 25(1) p. 21 (not removed from nest);
  • Feeding martins (Supplemental)
    • conducting a feeding count 9(4) p. 6 (frequency which parents feed nestlings);
    • crickets (to martins during foul weather) 9(1) p. 27, 28 (where to buy); 9(2) p. 18; 9(4) p. 26 (cricket tossing); 11(3) p. 11, 24; 12(2) p. 10; 12(3) p. 2, 4 (using blowgun); 12(4) p. 18 (using slingshot); 13(2) p. 18; 13(4) p. 16; 14(2) p. 21; 16(1) p. 18; 16(2) p. 10, 11; 23(2) p. 11;
    • Donath's Star Feeder 9(2) p. 21; 21(1) p. 10;
    • during cold weather 11(3) p. 1, 24, 26; 16(2) p. 12;
    • during drought 25(3) p. 13;
    • eggshells (see Diet)
    • ethics of  11(3) p. 27;
    • feeding chart 30(3) p. 29 (explains how);
    • feeding counts 21(2) p. 21;
    • feeding single parent  12(3) p. 11;
    • ground 5(4) p. 22; 7(4) p. 24 (weather stressed martins);
    • guide to feeding 13(2) p. 22-23; 14(3) p. 18-19; 18(1) p. 5-7;
    • landlord facial recognition during 25(3) p. 21;
    • low feeding 4(3) p. 15;
    • mealworms 4(3) p. 2 (Donath article); 11(3) p. 11, 24; 12(2) p. 10; 14(2) p. 21; 21(1) p. 10; 23(2) p. 11;
    • oystershell (see Diet)
    • platform feeder 18(1) p. 8-9 (plans); 23(2) p. 11;
    • purple martins 6(1) p. 6 (Donath article);
    • scrambled eggs 11(3) p. 24, 26 (preparing), 11; 12(2) p. 10; 12(3) p. 2; 2(4) p. 8; 13(2) p. 18; 16(2) p. 10; 18(1) p. 6; 21(1) p. 10;
    • strategies 14(3) p. 14-17;
    • supplemental 18(4) p. 24; 19(2) p. 10; 21(3) p. 11;
    • video/dvd 13(2) p. 1 (explains how to);
  • Fencing Fund 4(3) p. 5 (Pontchartrain Fencing Project); 5(4) p. 2;
  • Feral cats (see Predators)
  • Fighting among martins (see Behavior)
  • Filoplumes (definition) 16(4) p. 13;
  • Finney, George 1(1) p. 24;
  • Fire ants (see Predators)
  • Flagship species 22(3) p. 18-21;
  • Flapathon (see Nestling)
  • Fleas (see Ectoparasites)
  • Fledge 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 10 (4) p. 15 (what time of day fledging usually occurs); 15(4) p. 11 (dates); 17(4) p. 11 (parents withholding food to encourage); 27(4) p. 25;
  • Fledglings
    • adults fighting with 4(4) p. 16;
    • and raiders 3(4) p. 5 (definition), 7;
    • age 8(4) p. 15;
    • age at independence 11 (3) p. 6;
    • attacked by Great-tailed grackles 12(4) p. 20;
    • average size 8(4) p. 4;
    • calculating fledge date 6(1) p. 12;
    • definition 1(1) p. 14;
    • dispersal from nesting site  1(3) p. 19;
    • first-year mortality 11(3) p. 6;
    • grouping areas 3(4) p. 5;
    • identifying 17(3) p. 7;
    • late fledge dates 17(4) p. 10;
    • life span 2(1) p. 26;
    • natal dispersal 11(4) p. 11; 13(3) p. 10; 23(2) p. 11;
    • post-fledging feeding 3(4) p. 6-7;
    • post-fledging mortality 3(4) p. 7;
    • returning to natal colony 2(3) p. 19; 7(2) p. 17; 14(3) p. 11; 21(3) p. 12, 15; 27(4) p.  26;
    • returning to the nest 3(4) p. 6; 10 (3) p. 14;
    • roosting outside of housing 13(1) p. 10 (causes);
    • scouting out potential breeding sites  13(1)  p. 9;
    • site imprinting 21(3) p. 12;
    • visiting other colony sites 11(3) p. 9; 14(3) p. 11;
  • Flight 5(2) p. 7; 23(1) p. 24-25 (altitudes); 29(3) p. 24 (speed);
  • Flock (definition) 6(3) p. 16;
  • Flocking behavior during migration (see Behavior)
  • Florida  4(1) p. 23 (martins in Keys); 14(1) p. 18 (hurricane season); 21(2) p. 9 (declining martin population);
  • Flying squirrels  (se Nest Site Competitors);
  • Foraging (see Behaviour)
  • Forced extra-pair copulation (see Behavior)
  • Ford's Louisville Assembly Plant martin colony 18(2) p. 12-13; 25(1) p. 26-28;
  • Forever postage stamp 22(1) p. 7;
  • Fort Lewis, Washington 13(1) p. 7 (snag nesting site);
  • Frear Elementary School 31(3) p. 19-23 (students learning about martins);
  • Fregoe, Gisela  15(4) p. 20-22 (pm ambassador);
  • French Regional Park 22(1) p. 18-19;
  • Full of Beans 23(3) p. 26;
  • Fundraising 22(4) p. 11-13 (for purple martin projects);

G

  • Galapagos martin  (Progne modesta) 17(4) p. 14; 26(2) p. 10;
  • Gannon University Project 25(2) p. 7;
  • Garlic cloves (and repelling sparrows) 6(4) p. 16;
  • Geolocators 18(2) p. 2-6, 7; 18(3) p. 2 (study); 19(1) p. 13 (sponsoring for); 19(3) p. 6-10; 21(1) p. 2 (sponsoring); 22(1) p. 20-23; 22(2) p. 4-5; 22(3) p. 2-5; 22(4) p. 18-21; 23(1) p. 2-5; 23(2) p. 2-5 (and early arrival), 18-21 (and migration); 23(3) p. 26-27; 24(2) p. 20-23; 25(1) p. 21-25 (and the study second broods); 26 (3) p. 13-15, 27 (first used- Yellow 2551);
  • GeoMom 23(3) p. 27;
  • Germinal spot (see Egg)
  • Gizzard 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition); 13(4) p. (grit types found in);
  • Glencoe Village Water Plant Colony 31(4) p. 18-19;
  • Gold-fronted Woodpecker 23(2) p. 12-13;
  • Goloby, Bill  27 (1) p. 16-18;
  • Good gene hypothesis 16(2) p. 28;
  • Gourds
    • access holes 4(3) p. 29; 7(2) p. 10; 14(2) p. 27;
    • acess ports  14(2) p. 27-28 (making and installing);
    • adding to existing colony 4(2) p. 17; 15(2) p. 10-11;
    • and breeding success
    • and compartment dominance 18(4) p. 11;
    • and purple martins  1(3) p. 6-7;
    • and trees 2(4) p. 25;
    • applying polyurethane to 4(4) p. 16;
    • black-capped chickadee in 11(4) p. 10;
    • cleaning 11(4) p. 20 (disinfectant formula); 14(2) p. 26-27; 25(3) p. 19;
    • curing 2(2) p. 24-25; 2(4) p. 17; 12(1) p. 9;
    • damaged by hail 11(2) p. 2;
    • definition 1(1) p. 14; 2(4) p.10;
    • double gourds 15(2) p. 23-25;
    • drain holes clogged with paint 12(4) p. 20;
    • eastern finch in 1(3) p. 2;
    • eggshell feeder 4(3) p. 8 (made from gourd);
    • elastomeric coating 7(1) p. 24; 12(2) p. 11; 14(2) p. 8; 18(2) p. 11;
    • English house sparrow  5(1) p. 16; 5(4) p. 16; 17(1) p.10;
    • entrance hole 1(1) p. 31; 2(3) p. 23; 2(4) p. 3 (size preference);  2(4) p. 4 (preference); 4(1) p. 23; 4(3) p. 16; 5(4) p. 16; 7(1) p. 19; 7(4) p. 19; 14(2) p. 27 (cutting); 15(4) p. 12;
    • European honeybees in 11(3) p. 20;
    • European starlings in 17(1) p. 11;
    • fallouts 9(1) p. 14;
    • fallout shelter 1(3) p. 13;
    • funnel gourd 16(3) p. 27;
    • gourd holder 8(4) p. 29;
    • gourd rack 1(1) p. 18-19 (plans); 14(1) p. 20 (made from satellite dish);
    • great-crested flycatcher in 11(4) p. 11;
    • growing 2(1) p. 28; 3(2) p. 22; 3(4) p. 25; 4(2) p. 18; 5(1) p. 16; 6(1) p. 15; 15(3) p. 13 (using potash to thicken walls); 16(1) p. 28 (landlord experience); 26(1) p. 21 (seeds);
    • hanging 2(4) p. 25; 3(1) p. 24; 4(4) p. 15 (from house); 5(3) p. 21 (horizontally); 7(1) p. 12; 7(2) p. 23, 28 (horizontally); 11(2) p. 17 (horizontally); 14(2) p. 28 (installing hanging wire);15(2) p. 28 (hanging tube); 15(3) p. 18; 20(3) p. 10; 26(1) p. 21;
    • horizontal 16(3) p. 27 (with offset entrance);
    • increasing traction below SREH's 10 (4) p. 12;
    • Kiltz on  13(1) p. 8; 18(2) p. 11;
    • maintenance/cleaning 2(1) p. 28; 2(2) p. 23, 24; 12(1) p. 8, 9 (cleaning mold off of);
    • martins nesting in gourds hanging from trees 4(4) p. 23;
    • martin trapped in bluebird gourd 12(4) p. 20;
    • minimum size 9(4) p. 14;
    • Miracle of the Purple Martin Gourds (book) 22(1) p. 29;
    • mixing different types  16(1) p. 12;
    • mold on 12(4)  p. 9; 13(1)  p. 9;
    • movement in wind 1(2) p. 25; 2(1) p. 24; 2(3) p. 20-21; 2(4) p. 5 (swing direction); 4(2) p. 19; 4(4) p. 17; 9(1) p. 14; 9(2) p. 15;
    • natural 8(1) p. 25; 14(1) p. 9 (ridding of odor); 14(2) p. 26-29 (converting to housing); 25(1) p. 20 (preparation);
    • natural vs. plastic 3(1) p. 23; 13(2) p. 11;
    • owl guards 9(1) p. 21; 11(4) p. 11 (for SuperGourds); 15(2) p. 13;
    • painting 2(2) p. 26; 2(3) p. 25; 2(4) p. 23; 3(1) p. 25; 4(2) p. 19; 4(4) p. 16; 5(2) p. 14; 7(1) p. 24; 7(4) p. 17; 12(2) p. 11; 14(2) p. 8, 28; 18(2) p. 11;
    • plastic 1(2) p. 25; 3(1) p. 22 (plastic jugs as gourds); 8(1) p. 25; 26 (3) p. 27;
    • poles for 19(1) p. 11;
    • porches 1(3) p. 22; 2(4) p. 22; 4(2) p. 16 (on gourd rack); 4(3) p. 17; 7(1) p. 15 (problems with); 11(1) p. 17; 11(2) p. 16 (causing injury to martins); 12(2) p. 10 (importance of clip-on porches on crescent entrance/installing); 12(4) p.  19 (securing on Crescent Supergourds/martins trapped in gourd due to loosened porch); 13(1) p. 11 (on gourds with crescent entrances); 16(3) p. 12 (inside);
    • porch tunnel 16(2) p. 22-23 (plans for making);
    • predators 7(2) p. 28 (aerial predators);
    • preparing 3(2) p. 23; 6(3) p. 14 (copper sulfate); 7(2) p. 14; 8(2) p. 15 (copper sulfate); 11(2) p. 15;
    • preserving 2(1) p. 28;
    • proper size 4(2) p. 18; 10 (4) p. 16; 11(3) p. 9;
    • pros and cons 3(2) p. 12;
    • railings 4(3) p. 17;
    • rain canopies 4(3) p. 8; 7(2) p. 11; 8(4) p. 29; 14(2) p. 28;
    • repairing 30(3) p. 14;
    • replacing inner lining of caps 12(1) p. 8;
    • replacing natural with plastic during nesting season 11(1) p. 16;
    • screech owls in 15(2) p. 13;
    • seeds 2(2) p. 24; 28(2) p. 25;
    • sewer gourds 19(2) p. 27-29 (housing made from sewer pipe);
    • Sintra porches 12(5) p. 20 (bracing);
    • sparrows in (see English house sparrow above);
    • stationary vs. swinging 13(1) p. 10;
    • SuperGourds 7(4) p. 27; 8(2) p. 2; 12(2) p. 9 (weight); 14(1) p. 8 (vs. hot weather);
    • temperature differences in housing 1(3) p. 24;
    • Thompson's Water Seal 13(1)  p. 8 (use on gourds);
    • traction tape 12(4) p. 19 (use in Troyer Gourd/tape warning-martin stuck on);
    • Tree swallows in 17(2) p. 11;
    • Troyer horizontal gourds 10 (3) p. 1 (clip on porches); 12(4) p. 19 (scoring inside neck for traction); 14(1) p. 8 (vs. hot weather); 14(2) p. 15 (traction kit); 18(4) p. 23 (and wing entrapment); 19(4) p.26 (modified); 24(2) p. 26-28 (Conley II entrance, Lewis SREH modification);
    • tunnel entrance 15(2) p. 28;
    • two entrance holes 13(3) p. 14;
    • use in northern states 3(1) p. 25;
    • use of different shapes and sizes 13(3) p. 17;
    • ventilation 4(3) p. 8 (pvc elbows); 5(4) p. 14 (holes); 9(1) p. 26 (pvc elbows); 11(1) p. 16 (pvc elbows); 14(2) p. 28; 15(4) p. 12; 18(1) p. 12 (pvc elbows); 18(4) p. 11;
    • vise 14(4) p. 28 (plans for);
    • vs. houses 4(1) p. 18; 8(4) p. 15; 22(2) p. 9;
    • winch system on gourd rack 9(4) p. 14;
    • wing entrapment in 18(4) p. 23-24 (prevention);
    • wire breaking 12(4) p. 21;
    • wooden 3(2) p. 8 (plans);
  • GPS Data Logger  26(4) p. 8;
  • Grand Valley Preserve martin colony  18(3) p. 19 (SW Ohio);
  • Grandview Preserve martin colony (SW Ohio) 18(2) p. 24-26;
  • Grasshoppers (see Diet)
  • Gray-breasted Martins (Progne chalybea) 6(3) p. 17; 10 (3) p. 15; 12(1) p. 11; 13(1) p. 9; 13(2) p. 2; 13(3) p. 8; 17(4) p. 13; 19(1) p. 10; 21(1) p. 10; 24(3) p. 17; 25(4) p. 18;  29(4) p.14; 30(3) p. 7;
  • Great Blue Heron (see Predators)
  • Great-crested Flycatcher (see Nest site Competitors)&nbsp
  • Great Horned Owl (see Predators)
  • Great-tailed Grackles  12(4) p. 20 (attacking fledglings);
  • Greater Striped Swallow (see Swallows);
  • Green leaves (see Nest)
  • Grit (see Diet)
  • Ground feeding (see Behavior)
  • Grounded young (see Nestlings/grounded nestlings) 
  • Gulf Oil Spill 19(3) p. 1;

H

  • Habitat-specific parasite 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
  • Hacking 9(3) p. 26 (definition)
  • Hatch 1(1) p. 14 (definition);
  • Heat sink hypothesis 18(1) p. 25 (and roosts);
  • Helping martins 4(1) p. 12; 4(2) p. 6;
  • Heritage Lake 20(2) p.12-13 (colonies);
  • High Island, TX  18(2) p. 17 (effects of Hurricane Ike);
  • Hill, James R. 14(2) p. 1 (retires) 16(1) p. 2 (20th anniversary message); 21(1) p. 18-19;
  • Histoplasmosis (from droppings at roosts) (see Diseases);
  • Home range size 2(4) p. 27;
  • Homeowner's Associations (see under Housing)
  • Homing of martins 5(2) p. 12;
  • Honeybees (see Diet/Houses)
  • Hooded oriole (see Housing)
  • Host 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
  • Host-specific parasite 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
  • Hosting a Martin Event 13(3) p. 20-23;
  • House Finch (see Nest Site Competitors)
  • Houses
    • aluminum 5(1) p. 8 (enlarging compartments); 28 (3) p. 12;
    • aluminum vs. wooden 1(4) p. 10 (and reproductive success); 3(1) p. 24; 4(1) p. 24; 6(2) p. 23; 11(4) p. 9;
    • awnings 14(2) p. 19 (on aluminum housing);
    • bare floors in 3(4) p. 14-15 (and effects); 6(1) p. 20 (lethal effects on nestlings);
    • buying (mail order) 1(1) p. 29;
    • building material 1(1) p. 30; 5(1) p. 20 (pressure treated wood); 6(3) p. 14 (pressure treated wood); 11(4) p. 9 (thickness);
    • cavity depth 2(4) p. 3 (preference);
    • cavity design 4(2) p. 8 (for owl protection);
    • Coates martin house 3(1) p. 25;
    • Coated Watersedge housing 13(2) p. 8;
    • color preferences 1(2) p. 23 (on door panels);
    • compartment size 1(4) p. 24; 2(4) p. 3 (size preference); 3(2) p. 24 (deeper); 6(4) p. 15 (enlarging); 6(2) p. 16; 8(4) p. 15, 16 (modifying metal house), 12 (doubling in Trio houses); 9(1) p. 5 (M12-K Musselman- double size compartments); 9(4) p. 20 (larger); 10 (1) p. 17 (depth); 13(1) p. 11 (doubling up); 13(2) p. 8 (double compartments);
    • dimensions 4(2) p. 16; 6(1) p. 17; 8(4) p. 15;
    • entanglement in 10 (1) p. 5;
    • Finney, George 1(1) p. 24 (one of the largest martin houses in America); 6(3) p. 6 (Guiness record);
    • flaws in 3(1) p. 26; 4(4) p. 24 (inadequacies in design);
    • floor 6(2) p. 13(height from entrance hole);
    • Ghost house 16(1) p. 27-28;
    • Harmonica Houses (painting) 12(2) p. 23;
    • house companies 3(3) p. 8(of J. Warren Jacobs);
    • hundred year old martin house 2(3) p. 7;
    • insulating 7(2) p. 19; 8(3) p. 25 (Trio-Grandpa); 9(3) p. 22;
    • Jacobs, Warren housing 4(2) p. 17; 11(3) p. 28 (replicas);
    • lining walls with aluminum foil 3(4) p. 25;
    • lumber 3(1) p. 22 (types to use); 5(1) p. 20 (treated); 6(3) p. 14 (treated);
    • making safer 21(2) p. 18-20;
    • modifying compartments 8(4) p. 16 (metal house); 14(2) p. 8; 16(2) p. 10; 17(3) p. 8 (Trio);
    • mounting 3(2) p. 24 (on roofs of houses);
    • painting 1(1) p. 31; 2(2) p. 24; 3(1) p. 18 (trim color); 3(2) p. 25; 4(3) p. 14; 5(2) p. 14; 7(1) p. 24; 11(4) p. 8 (inside compartments to deter starlings); 14(1) p. 10; 16(1) p. 10;
    • parallelogram pivot system 7(4) p. 10;
    • plastic 9(3) p. 16 (vs. wood, metal);
    • porches on 2(4) p. 3 (height preference test); 13(1) p. 11 (use of non-skid tape with crescent entrances);
    • porch dividers 2(1) p. 6 (and martin productivity); 2(4) p. 5, 16; 3(2) p. 22; 3(4) p. 28; 4(2) p. 27; 4(4) p. 15; 6(1) p. 15; 6(3) p. 7 (and infanticide); 6(4) p. 10, 11(template for Trio Castle); 7(1) p. 17; 7(4) p. 14; 8(4) p. 23; 9(3) p. 4 (template for Trio 6-sided Houses); 10 (2) p. 16; 13(3) p. 9(importance/benefits);
    • pvc housing 2(3) p. 20; 2(4) p. 18;
    • Quad Pod 13(4) p. 26-27;
    • railings 1(3) p. 22; 8(4) p. 14 (on T-14); 10 (1) p. 4 (martin trapped in);
    • styrofoam house  15(4) p. 24-27; 21(1) p. 26-27; 30(1) p. 6;
    • subfloor 14(2) p. 8;
    • T-14 8(4) p. 14 (railings on); 9(3) p. 10-11 (how to avoid warping pole); 10 (3) p. 5 (snake proofing); 19(1) p. 28-29 (nest check tool);
    • tilting house 4(2) p. 17;
    • trays 10 (1) p. 5 (problems with); 15(1) p. 13;
    • Trio Castle 6(4) p. 11 (pattern for porch divider); 9(1) p. 6 (enlarging compartments/adding owl guards); 9(3) p. 1-4 (modifying-owl guards, SREH's, compartments, porch dividers); 10 (1) p. 4 (martin wedged in keyhole entrance); 10 (2) p. 1 (and owl guards); 12(4) p. 24 (sparrow control); 22(3) p. 6 (manufacturing plant);
    • Trio Mussleman 12(4) p. 24-25 (use of portable traps in);
    • wood preservatives and 8(4) p. 16;
  • Housing
    • adding additional 7(1) p. 16; 7(2) p. 17; 7(4) p. 14;9(2) p. 15; 10 (3) p. 15; 18(2) p. 11; 23(2) p. 8; 
    • amount needed 13(2) p 9;
    • and Homeowner's Associations 19(2) p. 11; 26(1) p. 18-19; 27 (2) p. 18;
    • as art 14(4) p. 24-26;
    • attached to chimney 22(2) p. 8;
    • Australian Budgerigars in 12(4) p. 21;
    • bats in (see Bats);
    • beginner 25(3) p. 17;
    • cedar 22(3) p. 9-10 (use of, odor);
    • changing types of 2(4) p. 29; 10 (4) p. 12 (effects); 13(3) p. 9; 24(4) p. 7; 30(3) p. 14;
    • choosing 30(1) p. 28-29;
    • cleaning 3(4) p. 22-23; 5(1) p. 22; 6(1) p. 16; 6(2) p. 16; 7(4) p. 14; 9(1) p. 15 (use of dilute bleach solution), 16; 12(1) p. 10 (bleach formula); 12(3) p. 10; 15(1) p. 10; 16(4) p. 10-11; 18(1) p. 12; 20(1) p.8; 21(4) p. 10; 22(1) p. 10; 25(2) p. 8; 31(2) p. 11; 31(3) p. 12;
    • closing up after season  23(3) p. 22;
    • color of 3(1) p. 18 (trim); 14(2) p. 8 (disinfecting);
    • compartment 2(4) p. 5 (color preference); 6(4) p. 16 (preference by martins); 21(1) p. 28-29 (size); 26(4) p. 25 (size); 27(4) p. 25;
    • cooling 14(2) p. 12-13; 15(3) p. 11; 18(1) p. 12; 19(2) p. 13; 20(1) p. 10; 20(3) p. 11; 20(4) p. 9; 25(3) p. 12-13; 29(1) p. 13; 31(4) p. 15;
    • distance between 2(1) p. 27; 3(4) p. 25; 6(2) p. 15; 13(3) p. 9; 17(4) p. 12; 23(2) p. 11;
    • doves 15(3) p. 10 (nesting on porch of martin housing);
    • electric wire near 25(3) p. 21;
    • entrance hole 1(1) p. 31(diameter); 1(2) p. 4 (entrance placement design); 2(3) p. 23 diameter); 2(4) p. 3 (diameter preference); 3(2) p. 24 (cutting); 4(1) p. 23(diameter); 4(2) p. 19 (fake holes); 4(3) p. 16 (diameter); 5(4) p. 16 (diameter);  6(2) p. 13, 21 (height from porch); 7(1) p. 19 (diameter); 7(4) p. 19 (diameter); 10 (1) p. 4 (martin trapped in McEwen type crescent ); 10 (4) p. 12 (changing type in mid season); 12(1) p. 20 ( CREOB entrance hole for "wing hang"); 13(2) p. 9 (orientation); 15(2) p. 13 (changing); 15(2) p. 23-25 (Cartwright 3-hole entry); 15(4) p. 13 (size); 16(1) p. 11 (changing); 17(2) p. 12 (tunnel); 17(3) p. 8; 21(4) p. 8 (crescent); 22(1) p. 10; 24(2) p. 26-28, 29 (wing entrapment protectors WEP); 24(2) p. 26-28 (raised porches- SREH); 4(2) p. 19 (fake holes);
    • erecting on public lands 9(3) p. 5, 29;
    • flag on martin pole 9(1) p. 14; 20(2) p.8 (effects on martins);
    • fake owl near 25(3) p. 21;
    • floor slope preference 2(4) p. 3;
    • gourds (see Gourds)
    • geckos laying eggs in 13(3) p. 10;
    • grackles in (see Nest Site Competitors)
    • guy wires and 10 (1) p. 20; 25(3) p. 18;
    • heat testing in 19(3) p.20-22;
    • height 3(1) p. 22; 4(2) p. 19; 4(3) p. 14; 4(4) p. 20; 6(4) p. 14; 8(2) p. 15 (pole); 9(2) p. 16 (reducing); 12(2) p. 8; 25(3) p. 19; 31(2) p. 11;
    • hooded orioles in 7(2) p. 26;
    • Holbrook, John 9(1) p. 11;
    • house finches in (see Nest Site Competitors)
    • house wrens in (see Nest Site Competitors)
    • inspection 18(1) p. 19 (housing and associated parts);
    • insulation 9(3) p. 22; 14(1) p. 8 (use of styrofoam, mud, foil); 28(2) p. 22;
    • laundry soap jugs  16(1) p. 12 (use as housing);
    • lightning striking 6(1) p. 22;
    • location (see Housing/Placement)
    • loggerhead shrike on 18(3) p. 11;
    • lowering 3(1) p. 22 (effect of); 4(3) p. 17 (and abandonment); 9(1) p. 15 (during storms); 10 (1) p. 12 (during storm); 12(4)  p. 11 (during storm); 20(2) p. 9 (during bad weather);
    • manufacturers 27 (3) p. 20 (PMCA recommendations to);
    • material types 9(3) p. 16;
    • mockingbird in (see Nest Site Competitors)
    • mourning dove in 8(3) p. 23;
    • moving (see relocating below);
    • near bathouses (also see Bats) 15 (4) p. 10; 26(1) p. 20;
    • near beehives 6(1) p. 14;
    • near bird feeders 12(2) p. 9; 13(4) p. 11; 14(2) p. 10; 25(3) p. 19; 28(2) p. 22;
    • near bluebird housing  16(1) p. 12;
    • near boat pier 6(2) p. 18;
    • near cats 21(3) p. 10;
    • near dogs 10(2) p. 23; 11(2) p. 14 (and colony decline); 14(1) p. 10; 14(2) p. 8-9; 21(3) p. 10;
    • near fish farm 4(3) p. 13; 9(3) p. 14;
    • near fish mailbox 21(2) p. 9;
    • near flags 21(2) p. 9;
    • near hawk nest  14(3) p. 11 (red-tail -benefits);
    • near helicopter pad 14(2) p. 9;
    • near horses 21(1) p. 9;
    • near kestrel housing 12(1) p. 9;
    • near kite flying 21(2) p. 9;
    • near lights 5(2) p.16; 2(1) p. 26; 11(4) p. 10;
    • near livestock 23(4) p. 6;
    • near llamas 23(4) p. 6;
    • near mist system 9(1) p. 22; 21(2) p. 9; 25(3) p. 19;
    • near osprey platform 12(4) p. 9;
    • near owl housing 14(2) p. 9;
    • near parking lot 10 (4) p. 17;
    • near Red-winged Blackbirds 13(2) p. 11;
    • near sheep 23(4) p. 6;
    • near trees and 2(4) p. 28; 6(4) p. 16; 9(3) p. 16; 11(2) p. 14 (encroachment); 13(2) p. 9 (encroachment); 14(1) p. 10;  25(3) p. 18;
    • near water 6(1) p. 16 (ponds); 6(2) p. 15; 9(4) p. 14 (fledglings falling in water); 14(1) p.11; 15(2) p. 10; 21(1) p. 9 (docks); 21(3) p. 11 (docks); 25(2) p. 12-13 (ponds); 26 (3) p. 25;
    • near wind turbines and 22(1) p. 10;
    • near wooded area  16(1) p. 12;
    • neglected vs. maintained 20(1) p.18-21;
    • nuthatches in (see Nest Site Competitors)
    • occupancy 1(2) p. 26;
    • on golf course 3(1) p. 25; 9(4) p. 17;
    • opening housing 2(3) p. 15; 6(1) p. 21; 10 (2) p. 14, 18; 12(2) p. 9 (when attracting first pair of martins); 14(1) p. 10; 18(4) p. 8; 20(2) p.9 (when to); 21(2) p. 8 (when); 21(4) p. 11; 22(2) p. 9; 28(2) p. 23; 29(4) p. 16 (when); 31(3) p. 12 (when); 31(4) p. 14;
    • orientation 1(1) p. 31; 2(4) p. 29; 4(2) p. 19 (entrance holes); 4(4) p. 16 (and nestling survival); 7(1) p. 12 (alignment marks on telescopic poles); 10 (1) p. 12; 13(3) p. 10 (importance of); 14(3) p. 9 (alignment marks/preventing changes in orientation); 20(2) p.10; 22(4) p. 8;  29(3) p. 14; 31(2) p. 12;
    • owl roosting in 1(4) p. 21 (Screech); 8(3) p. 11 (Screech); 14(2) p. 25 (Screech); 14(3) p. 20 (Screech);
    • new 2(3) p. 18; 3(2) p. 22; 10 (4) p. 11;
    • paper wasps (see Wasps);
    • parakeet in 1(1) p. 33-34; 9(2) p. 21;
    • perches 1(4) p. 26; 2(4) p. 5 (rod diameter preference); 13(4) p. 8 (adding/dimensions); 15 (4) p. 10 (materials used for);
    • placement 1(1) p. 30; 1(3) p. 21; 2(2) p. 25, 26; 3(1) p. 22; 3(4) p. 19; 4(1) p. 23; 5(2) p. 18; 5(3) p. 18; 6(4) p. 16 (and trees); 7(1) p. 14; 7(4) p. 16; 8(3) p. 14, 16; 10(2) p. 13; p. 14, 16; 11(3) p. 8; 12(2) p. 8; 13(4) p. 9 (and trees/shrubs); 14(1) p. 9; 14(4) p. 8, 9; 17(3) p. 7; 18(2) p. 10; 19(3) p. 11; 23(1) p. 9;  26(4) p. 25; 27 (3) p. 21; 27(4) p. 26;
    • plants near  9(1) p. 14; 13(3) p. 10; 16(1) p. 12;
    • plugging holes 2(1) p. 25;  25(2) p. 11;  29(2) p. 15;
    • poles 1(2) p. 7 (alignment marks); 2(4) p. 4 (predator proofing- reasons for); 4(2) p. 17 (types); 7(2) p. 19 (splitting in cold weather); 7(4) p. 10 (parallelogram pivot system); 8(3) p. 25 (beefing up TG-12 pole); 12(4) p. 11 (strengthening); 13(2) p. 20 (Multipurpose Pole System); 13(4) p. 2-4; (pole safety); 14(1) p. 11 (and wind); 14(1) p. 16-17 (for T-14); 31(1) p. 11 (damage during stroms);
    • pond 25(2) p. 12-13 (building one near colony);
    • porches 2(4) p. 3 (porch/railing test); 10 (4) p. 14 (adding to speed acceptance of new entrance hole); 11(1) p. 17 (causing nestling fallouts); 13(1) p. 11 (use of non-skid tape on metal houses with crescent entrances);
    • portable ground socket 12(4) p. 24 (instructions to make);
    • predator guards (see Predator Guards)
    • predator baffles (see Predator Guards)
    • proper mounting 1(1) p. 29; 26(4) p. 25;
    • pvc 2(4) p. 18;
    • Quad Pod 11(4) p. 1;
    • rabbit head on top of  19(3) p.18;
    • raising 9(1) p. 17 (when to); 12(4) p. 10 (when to raise and open); 14(1) p. 9; 21(3) p. 10 (timing); 24(1) p. 7 (in Florida);
    • relocating 1(4) p. 25; 3(4) p. 25; 4(2) p. 22; 6(3) p. 23; 8(4) p. 15; 10 (1) p. 16; 11(4) p. 10; 13(2) p. 10; 14(1) p. 9 (how to), 11; 15(3) p. 13; 18(2) p. 10; 18(3) p. 16 (gourd rack); 19(3) p. 13; 22(3) p. 8-9;
    • removal of 9(2) p. 18 (competitor infested); 10(4) p. 16 (retiring old housing); 27 (3) p. 22;
    • replacing  3(1) p. 19; 4(1) p. 21; 5(1) p. 16; 16(1) p. 10; 18(3) p. 10; 24(4) p. 7;  26(1) p. 19;  27 (3) p. 22;
    • reproductive success 1(4) p. 10 (in different house types);
    • robins nesting on porch 15(3) p. 10;
    • rope failure 13(4) p. 3-4
    • Safe Haven housing 24(2) p. 26-28;
    • safety enhancements 18(4) p. 20-24;
    • solar lights on  27 (1) p. 25;
    • specifications 6(1) p. 17; 11(1) p. 15;
    • spinning 21(2) p. 10 (fix for);
    • squirrels in (see Nest Site Competitors)
    • SREH (starling-resistant entrance holes)  3(4) p. 8, 9; 4(2) p. 18 (pattern); 5(1) p. 10 (crescent); 5(3) p.10 (adjustable); 5(4) p. 21; 6(1) p. 16; 6(2) p. 16, 9 (Trio houses); 6(4) p. 20; 7(1) p. 15; 8(4) p. 10 (adjustable),12 (Trio houses-pattern for); 9(1) p. 21, 24 (gourds); 9(3) p. 15, 16; 10(1) p. 8 (Duke Snyder's Starling Excluder), 15, 17 (and exclusion of screech owls and kestrels); 9(4) p. 8 (cutting in gourds), p. 10 (gourds), p. 17; 10(2) p. 2 (feedback from landlords), p. 4 (negative feedback), p. 5 (pm preference-round vs. SREH), (excluder), p. 15, p. 23 (and starlings); 10(3) p. 15 (Snyder Excluder); 10(4) p. 12 (new excluder/increasing traction below SREH's), 15 (effects on fledglings), 16 (and feather loss); 11(1) p. 17 (Snyder excluder on gourds); 11(2) p. 17 (excluder and premature fledglings/excluder on T-14); 11(4) p. 8 (excluder), 20 (excluder); 12(1) p. 11 (plugs for Snyder Excluder), 20 (CREOB entrance for "wing hang"); 12(3) p. 9 (difficulty entering Excluder entrance); 13(1) p. 8 (placement of crescent adapter), 10-11 (introducing to active site), 19 (Excluder door); 13(2) p. 8 (CREOB- combination crescent/obround), 20 (Excluder); 13(3) p. 15; 14(2) p. 10, 18 (crescent);  14(3) p. 9 (and starlings); 14(4) p. 7 (crescent entrance and porch placement), 17 (Conley or WDC entrance); 15(2) p. 9 (McEwen crescent), 13; 15(2) p. 23-25 (Cartwright 3-hole entry); 15(4) p. 11 (McEwen crescent), 12-13, 16-17; 16(1) p. 11, 12, 18 (placement of crescent); 17(1) p. 10, 11; 17(2) p. 12 (and wing entrapment and use of bumper guard); 17(2) p. 18 (WDC- Conley hole); 18(4) p. 23 (Conley II on gourds); 19(1) p. 11 (for owls & hawks), 12 (for starlings); 19(3) p. 11-12; 20(3) p. 8, 9; 20(3) p. 16-17; 21(1) p. 8; 21(4) p. 8; 22(1) p. 10; 22(3) p. 8; 23(2) p. 10; 24(2) p. 8 (SREH and porch height); 24(2) p. 26-28 (Conley II entrance, Lewis modification on Troyer horizontal gourds); 25(3) p. 18;
    • storing of during offseason 4(2) p. 17; 18(1) p. 11; 19(1) p. 11; 29(2) p. 15;
    • storms and 9(1) p. 15 (lowering during); 14(4) p. 7 (damage due to);
    • T-14 12(1) p. 11 (types of poles for); 12(2) p. 21 (door stops for excluder entrance); 14(1) p. 16-17 (pole system);
    • taking down at season's end 1(2) p. 26; 2(3) p. 21; 7(4) p. 21; 4(3) p. 14; 5(3) p. 15; 6(2) p. 14;
    • temperature differences in housing 1(3) p. 24; (also see Weather);
    • tree swallows in (see Nest Site Competitors)
    • unmanaged 8(4) p. 16;
    • ventilation 9(3) p. 22; 14(1) p. 8; 18(1) p. 12; 22(1) p. 9; 22(2) p. 9; 28(2) p. 22;
    • video camera inside 3(4) p. 10;
    • vintage 28(1) p. 16-19;
    • vs. Home Owner's Associations 17(1) p. 12;
    • wall thickness preference 2(4) p. 5;
    • wasps in (see Wasps);
    • winch 13(4) p. 3 (failure), 4 (offset design) p. 4; 21(4) p. 20-21 (safety concerns); 22(1) p. 18-19 (safety systems);
    • wind and 7(1) p. 14; 7(2) p. 8 (protecting from windstorms); 10(1) p. 12, 13 (damage from), 14 (protecting from); 11(2) p. 20; 14(1) p. 11(pole);
    • wing-hang/entrapment  12(1) p. 20; 18(2) p. 15 (in aluminum crescent entries/use of weatherstripping to prevent); 18(4) p. 23-24 (prevention in gourds); 24(2) p. 26-28, 29 (wing entrapment protectors);
    • winterizing 25(4) p. 29;
  • House sparrows (see Nest Site Competitors)
  • House wrens (see Nest Site Competitors);
  • Houston Area Purple Martin Association 14(2) p. 24;
  • Houston, TX  27 (1) p. 16-18 (50 years of housing purple martins);
  • Hovering 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
  • Hoy Audubon Purple Martin Project 18(3) p. 22-23 (SE Wisconsin);
  • Hummingbirds  15 (4) p. 10 (aggressive towards martins); 22(3) p. 11;
  • Hurricane Andrew 4(2) p. 2, 5; 6(3) p. 24;
  • Hurricane Arthur 23(4) p. 26-27;
  • Hurricane Harvey  27 (1) p. 27;
  • Hurricane Hugo 2(2) p. 6
  • Hurricane Ike 18(2) p. 17; 18(3) p. 12; 19(2) p. 26 (effects on purple martins on Bolivar Peninsula Texas);
  • Hurricane Isadore 11(4) p. 8;
  • Hurricane Ivan 14(4) p. 9;
  • Hurricane Katrina 14(4) p. 2-3;
  • Hurricane Rita  14(4) p. 2-3; 15(2) p. 19;
  • Hydrocyanic acid (see Nest/green leaves);

I

  • Icterids 6(3) p. 5 (definition)
  • Incubation 1(1) p. 14 (definition);  29(3) p. 8-11 (and Artificial Intelligence);
  • Incubation of eggs (see Eggs)
  • Indian Mynas  18(1) p. 11;
  • Indigenous 6(3) p. 5 (definition);
  • Infanticide (see Behavior)
  • Injured martins 2(4) p. 16 (intraspecific); 4(1) p. 25 (also see Rehabbing Purple Martins); 10 (1) p. 2 (subcutaneous emphysema), 5 (from rubber band in nest); 18(3) p. 1;  27(4) p. 18; 31(4) p. 15 (what to do);
  • Insect 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
  • Insectivorous 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 2(4) p. 10 (definition);
  • International Ornithological Conference 19(4) p. 2-4 (part 1); 20(1) p. 2-4 (part 2); 
  • Interspecific 1(1) p. 15 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition); 20(3) p. 25 (house sparrow feeding martin nestlings);
  • Intraspecific 1(1) p. 15 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition);
  • Intraspecific injury 2(4) p. 16 (definition), 20;
  • Introduced birds 1(3) p. 23 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition);
  • Iridescence 1(1) p. 14 (definition);

J

  • Jacobs, Warren J.
    • American Birdhouse Journal 3(3) p. 26;
    • his purple martin house 23(3) p. 20-21;
    • Housing replicas 11(3) p. 28;
    • life of 3(3) p. 2;
    • liquidation of his company 3(3) p. 36
    • martin colony 3(3) p. 31;
    • visit with his descendants 3(3) p. 39p;
    • Johnson County Songbird Project 23(1) p. 10;
    • Jones, Genevieve 24(2) p. 17-19;
    • Juvenile 8(1) p. 15(description); 21(2) p. 4-6 (survival of);
    • Juvenile harassment (see Behavior)

     

    K

    • Kent Land Trust 31(1) p. 26-27 (Interns);
    • Kingbird 1(3) p. 11 (kills purple martin); 15(3) p. 19 (Western and Couch's  taking food from martins); 16(3) p. 12 (aggressive behavior towards martins); 20(4) p. 9;
    • Kleptoparasitism 1(3) p. 23 (definition); (also see Behavior);

    L

    • Lake Murray, SC (see Roosts)
    • Lake Pontchartrain 2(2) p. 5; 4(3) p. 5 (Pontchartrain Fencing Project); 5(4) p. 2 (fencing project); 8(1) p. 5; 25(4) p. 11-13;
    • Lake Osakis 20(1) p.28-29 (roost);
    • Lake Shasta, Calif  13(1) 4-5 (snag nesting site);
    • Lakeland Area Purple Martin Association 18(3) p. 21 (NW Pennsylvania & NE Ohio); 21(3) p. 3;
    • Landlording 1(3) p. 16 (landlord experiences); 1(4) p. 8 (checklist);  2(4) p. 29 (death of); 3(1) p. 23; 4(2) p. 10 (landlord ethics); 4(4) p. 8 (first year experiences); 5(3) p. 24 (new east and west); 6(3) p. (in Winona, Minn.);7(2) p. 13 (experiences); 9(2) p. 1 (confessions of first time landlord); 11(1) p. 12 (first year experiences); 12(3) p. 9 (pros and cons); 13(4) p. 13 (pellet guns for-types, safety); 13(4) p. 18-19 (landlords of the year share ideas); 14(1) p. 6-7 (landlord experience); 14(2) p. 3-7; 14(3) p. 12-13, 24-25 (experiences); 14(4) p. 27 (experiences); 15(1) p. 6-8 (experiences), 14-15 (experiences), 26-27 (projects); 15(3) p. 14-15, 20-22, 26-29 (experiences); 15(4) p. 14-15 (experiences); 16(1) p. 25-29 (experiences); 16(2) p. 6-7 (experiences); 16 (2) p. 26-27 (experiences); 16(3) p. 13-15 (Prince William County); 16(3) p. 22-23, 24-28 (experiences); 17(1) p. 12 (vs. Home Owner Associations);  17(3) p. 10-13 (landlord motivations); 17(4) p. 28 (experiences); 18(1) p. 14-15 (experiences); 19(1) p. 5-7, 26 (experiences); 19(4) p.6-7, 18-20, 22-25; 20(1) p.18-21, 25-27; 20(2) p. 12-13 (Heritage Lake); 20(3) p. 2-5 (devastation and recovery of a colony); 20(3) p. 12-13 (experiences), 24-26 (experiences), 27-28; 20(4) p. 20-21 (experiences), 24-26 (experiences); 21(1) p. 20-23 (Connecticut); 21(2) p. 7 (landlord experiences-Nederland, TX); 21(2) p. 11-13 (experiences in Texas and Oklahoma), 28-29 (experiences in Baton Rouge, LA); 21(3) p. 1 (North Texas), 18-19 (age composition of landlords); 21(3) p. 13 (Sandia, TX); 21(4) p. 4-6, 7, 12-13, 28 (Cape Coral, FL); 22(2) p. 11-13, 23 (experiences); 22(4) p. 4-5, 6-7, 22-25 (experiences); 23(1) p. 11, 18-19; 23(2) p. 6-7 (sharing in community); 23(2) p. 22-25; 23(3) p. 12-13; 20-21; 24-25 (experiences); 23(4) p. 16-17 (experiences); 24(1) p. 8-9; 16-17; 18-19; 20-21 (experiences); 24(2) p. 24-25 (experiences); 24(3) p. 13, 14-17, 20-21, 22-25 (experiences); 24(4) p. 15 , 16-21, 24-25 (experiences); 25(2) p. 14-15 (experiences), 19-21; 25(3) p. 4-5, 14-15, 22-23, 24-25 (experiences); 25(4) p. 22-23 (Mississippi), 26-28 (Virginia); 26(1) p. 26-27 (experiences); 26(2) p. 16-18, 26-27 (involving Eagle Scout); 26 (3) p. 16-17 (experiences);  27 (1) p. 12-15; 20-24 (experiences); 27 (2) p. 22-23 (experiences New Hampshire); 28(1) p. 22-24 (experiences); 28(2) p. 12-13; 28 (3) p. 6-7 (veterens); 28(4) p. 10;  29(2) p. 4-5; 17-18; 29(3) p. 26 (experiences); 30(3) p. 8-12 (Caesar Rodney School District); 31(3) p. 14-16 (experiences); 
    • Landlords in New Mexico 19(3) p.19;
    • Landlord of the Year (see PMCA)
    • Landlord Profile 13(2) p. 24-28 (Tony Frederickson); 30(3) p. 22-25 (Jack Gulvin);
    • Lawn chemicals (and effects on purple martins) 11(3) p. 10;
    • Laughing gulls 15(2) p. 29 (taking moths form martns);
    • Laying (see Eggs);
    • Layton, R. B. 1(1) p. 21-22 (book "The Purple Martin");
    • Lebanon, Oregon (snag nesting site);
    • Leg splaying (see Nestlings)
    • LeRoy, Richard 1(4) p. 12;
    • Leucism 16(2) p. 17; 18(3) p. 24-25; 18(4) p. 9, 16-17; 19(1) p. 12; 20(4) p. 22-23; 22(3) p. 16, 17 (partial);
    • Lewis SREH Modification (see SREH)
    • Li, Kevin (memorium) 15(2) p. 6-8;
    • Lice (see Ectoparasites)
    • Life span of Purple Martins 1(3) p. 20-21; 2(1) p. 26; 4(2) p. 23; 7(4) p. 18; 11(3) p. 6; 13(1)  p. 8; 15(3) p. 4-7; 15(4) p. 17; 22(2) p. 9; 26(4) p. 23;
    • Livestock (see colony);
    • Llamas (see colony);
    • Loggerhead shrike 18(3) p. 11 (on martin housing);
    • Lone Star Buy-one Get-one Grant Program 19(1) p. 13;
    • Loss of mate 7(2) p. 17; 8(4) p. 16;
    • Louse flies (see Ectoparasites)
    • Lynchburg, VA (2003 year in review);

    M

    • Magnolia Mound Plantation 9(3) p. 24-25 (mentor project);
    • Magpie 2(2) p. 15 (see Predators)
    • Maladaptive 2(4) p. 11 (definition);
    • Male porch domination (see Behavior)
    • Mannington Mills (colony) 16(1) p. 22-24;
    • Manns Harbor Bridge Purple Martin Roost Festival 14(4) p. 22; 21(3) p. 1;
    • Martensville, Saskatchewan Canada martin colony 18(3) p. 28-29;
    • Martin Box Regiment 8(4) p. 7 (Civil War story);
    • Martin Hog Theory 7(4) p. 8; 8(2) p. 3; 12(2) p. 28;
    • Martin landlord 1(1) p. 14 (definition);
    • Martin Mentor Program 9(1) p. 12 (becoming one); 9(4) p. 12 (mentor a teacher); 10 (3) p. 4 (becoming one); 11(3) p. 9 (finding one); 11(4) p. 11; 12(4) p. 7; 22(3) p. 7 (reverse mentoring); 24(2) p. 16 (program); 29(3) p. 17, 27;
    • Martin Morning 17(4)  p. 2-3;
    • Martin mouth size 4(3) p. 15;
    • Martin night 4(1) p. 1 (Gene Morton);
    • Martin release program 4(4) p. 15;
    • Martin scout 2(4) p. 10 (definition);
    • Martin TV  26(4) p. 19-21;  27(4) p. 9-11;  28(4) p.5-7 (Season 4); 29(4) p. 20-21 (2020); 30(4) p. 24-25 (2021); 31(4) p. 22-23 (2022);
    • Martin watcher's checklist 2(4) p. 12-13;
    • Martinfest 9(2) p. 12 (1999); 11(2) p. 8 (2002); 13(4) p. 22-23 (2004); 14(3) p. 6 (history of); 17(3) p. 28 (2008);
    • Marvelwood School (colony site) 26(4) p. 14-17;
    • Masked Woodswallow (see Blue martin)
    • Mason-Dixon purple martin festival 17(4) p. 9;
    • Mate fidelity (see behavior)
    • Mate guarding (see Behavior)
    • Mating (see Behavior)
    • McEwen, Charlie  15(2) p. 9; 18(3) p. 1 (passing);
    • McEwen entrance hole  (see Housing/SREH);
    • Meadow Wood Elementary Purple Martin Society 18(1) p. 20-23;
    • Mealworms (see Diet)
    • Media (and martins) 14(4) p. 14-15;
    • Melanism 12(3) p. 23; 17(3) p. 26-27 (female);
    • Menunkatuk Audubon Society  19(2) p. 2-5 (martin project);
    • Michigan Audubon 27 (3) p. 11-13 (colony);
    • Migrant 1(1) p. 15 (definition);
    • Migration 1(1) p. 34 (Trans-gulf); 2(3) p. 17 (migrating martins roosting in housing/landing on oil rig), 24;2(4) p. 24 (flocking behavior during);  3(1) p. 14 (prolonged); 4(4) p. 16; 5(2) p. 11, 16;5(3) p. 17 (reverse); 6(1) p. 18 (reverse); 7(2) p. 16 (and nest abandonment); 7(4) p. 17; 8(1) p. 7 (migration timing); 8(3) p. 15 (death during); 8(4) p. 16; 9(2) p. 16 (tracking); 9(3) p. 16 (staging areas defined); 10 (1) p. 7 (winter range/migration pathways); 10 (4) p. 24 (tracking); 11 (3) p. 6 (age-specific migration timing), 8 (return schedule-by age); 11(4) p. 8; 12(3) p. 8; 12(4) p. 11 (particle marking in Brazil); 14(3) p. 10; 15(4) p. 12, 13, 28; 16(2) p. 8-9; 16(3) p. 10; 16(4) p. 6-7 (updating of map); 17(1) p. 10-11; 17(4) p. 12; 18(2) p. 2-6 (geolocator tracking to Brazil); 18(4) p. 2-3 (tracking); 19(2) p. 6-9 (along Texas coast), 12; 20(3) p. 21-23 (2011); 21(4) p. 10, 14 (and solar flares); 22(2) p. 4-5 (and geolocators); 22(3) p. 2-5 (and geolocators); 22(4) p. 9, 18-21 (and geolocators); 23(1) p. 2-5 (and migration), 9 (young martins); 23(2) p. 2-5 (early spring arrival), 18-21 (geolocators);  24(1) p. 4-5; 24(2) p. 20-23; 24(4) p. 4-5; 25(2) p. 4-6 (martin navigation); 26 (3) p. 13-15, 25;  27 (1) p. 27; 27 (2) p. 8-11 (departure date and temperature); 28(2) p. 8-11 (migratory coupling with dragonflies);  28(3) p. 14 (late arrival); 28(4) p. 28-29; 29(3) p. 17; 29(4) p. 18-19 (flock size and doppler radar);  30(2) p. 10-13 (exposure to pre-migratory light pollution); 30(4) p. 6-9 (night flight); 31(3) p. 6-10 (and climate change); 31(4) p. 24-26 (and citizen science data);
    • Migratory Bird Treaty 17(1) p. 12; 27(4) p. 12-17;
    • Mink (see Predators)
    • Minnesota 2009 Martin Season 19(1) p. 27 (low fledge rates);
    • Minnesota Martinfest  13(3) p. 4-5; 14(4) p. 23; 17(4) p. 23 (2008); 19(1) p. 24-25 (2009);
    • Minnesota Purple Martin Working Groups 21(3) p. 2;
    • Mirrors 9(3) p. 28 (use of to attract martins);
    • Missouri River Bird Observatory 21(2) p. 2; 21(3) p. 2;
    • Mites (see Ectoparasites)
    • Mockingbird 16(3) p. 12 (aggressive behavior towards martins); 22(4) p. 9 (harassing martins);  29(3) p. 14;
    • Molt 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 2(4) p. 10 (definition); 10 (4) p. 16;  11(1) p. 15; 16(4) p. 13; 18(2) p. 10;  23(4) p. 22; 31(3) p. 29;
    • Monofilament fishing line 12(4)  p. 14 (martin entangled in);
    • Monogamous 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
    • Morry the Monotone Martin 24(4) p. 23 (poem);
    • Morton, Dr. Eugene 3(1) p. 2; 4(1) p. 1; 11(1) p. 15; 12(2) p. 12 (biological significance of return schedules);
    • Mosmon, Darwin 2(4) p. 6-9 (martin researcher);
    • Mosque swallow (See Swallows);
    • Mosquitoes (see Diet & Ectoparasites);
    • Motus Wildlife Tracking System 28(4) p. 12, 18;
    • Mud dams (see Nests)
    • Musselman (M 12-K) 9(1) p. 5 (enlarging compartments/adding owl guards);
    • My Martins and Me Series  30(3) p. 26-27; 31(4) p. 16-17;

    N

    • Natal site fidelity (see behavior)
    • National Wildlife Health Center 18(3) p. 1;
    • Nature Society 22(3) p. 6;
    • Neonicotinoids 23(4) p. 20; 29(2) p. 10-14 (effects on Sacremento bridge nesting martins);
    • Nest
      • abandonment (see Behavior)
      • aboard Canadian destroyer 6(1) p. 28;
      • addled eggs (see Eggs)
      • and elevation 10 (1) p. 16; 13(3) p. 11 (altitude); 15 (4) p. 10;
      • artificial 9(3) p. 28 (use of to attract martins);
      • aspen shaving in 12(2) p. 8;
      • building 5(2) p. 21; 10 (3) p. 9; 13(3) p. 9; 14(1) p. 8;
      • cedar shavings in 1(4) p. 24; 4(3) p. 16; 5(2) p. 23; 5(3) p. 15 (safety); 8(3) p. 14; 12(2) p. 8;
      • checks 1(2) p. 25, 26; 3(4) p. 28; 4(1) p. 26, 29; 4(2) p. 18 (proper times to perform); 6(4) p. 15; 7(1) p. 14; 7(4) p. 6 (prognosticator), 20; 8(3) p. 17; 8(4) p. 17; 9(1) p. 16 (importance); 9(2) p. 15 (tips); 10 (1) p. 20; 10 (2) p. 17 (how often); 10 (3) p. 15 (best time to do); 10 (4) p. 15; 11(1) p. 15; 13(4) p. 9; 12(4) p. 9 (martin remaining in housing during); 14(1) p. 8; 14(3) p. 20; 15(3) p. 12 (and use of hole plugs to prevent prem fledging); 16(3) p. 18 (and premature fledging); 17(2) p. 26-27 (how-to guide); 21(2) p. 15 (importance of); 22(2) p. 18-19 (guide); 22(3) p. 10 (when); 23(2) p. 22 (nest check pole); 23(3) p. 5 (timing); 23(4) p. 6; 26(2) p. 28-29 (how-to); 30(4) p. 22 (and premature fledging);
      • clutch initiation 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 6(1) p. 4 (in Pennsylvania), 12 (calculating); 9(1) p. 4 (calculating), 17; 19(2) p. 14-15 (dates across North America);
      • clutch size 1(4) p. 21; 4(3) p. 10 (and reproductive success); 8(4) p. 3, 14; 9(1) p. 22; 11(1) p. 19 (artificially reducing); 15(3) p. 10; 29(3) p. 24;
      • coconut fiber in 12(2) p. 8;
      • composition analysis 2(4) p. 5;
      • construction 7(1) p. 20;
      • corn fodder in 12(2) p. 8, 23; 13(2) p. 11; 4(3) p. 20 (husk);
      • cycle 21(4) p. 9; 24(3) p. 26-28;
      • description 2(3) p. 24; 3(2) p. 23; 12(2) p. 8; 26 (3) p. 24;
      • disappearing 9(2) p. 16;
      • failure 8(4) p. 5 (rate); 11(2) p. 14 (causes); 11(3) p. 8 (causes); 14(4) p. 7; 18(3) p. 10 (due to weather); 20(2) p.8-9 (causes);
      • green leaves in 1(4) p. 27; 2(1) p. 1, 3; 3(2) p. 25; 6(3) p. 22; 10 (2) p. 11; 10 (3) p. 9 (use of /hydrocyanic acid); 12(4) p. 21 (and pytochemicals); 14(1) p. 8; 17(3) p. 8; 24(4) p. 7; 31(2) p. 12;
      • habits 8(2) p. 16;
      • hemlock in 13(2) p. 11(toxic);
      • identification 14(3) p. 26-29; 25(4) p. 21; 27 (3) p. 28-29 (native and non-native nests); 31(4) p. 14-15;
      • in aspen tree 13(4) p. 29; 16(2) p. 21;
      • in aviation ball 6(3) p. 13;
      • in barn swallow nest 30(4) p. 23;
      • in bridge weep holes 10 (1) p. 18;  11(1) p. 2 (California and Oregon); 12(1) p. 2 (Sacramento, Calif.); 12(4) p. 4-6 (capturing using pole nets in Sacramento, CA); 29(2) p. 10-14 (neonicotinoid effects on);
      • in Bufflehead nest box 6(3) p. 13;
      • in crane boom 1(1) p. 34;
      • in dead sabal palm tree 10 (1) p. 14; 
      • in exhaust stack of anchored ship 30(1) p. 12-15;
      • in fire-killed Redwood snags  13(1)  p. 7(in Calif., Oregon, & Washington);
      • in gas station sign 10(1) p. 18; 11(4) p. 23; 13(1) p. 19;
      • in helicopter hanger 12(1) p. 28 (relocated to gourds);
      • in hole in side of building 17(2) p. 15;
      • in horizontal signal support  25(3) p. 3;
      • in ledge of navigation marker 30(1) p. 12-15;
      • in ledges under pier 30(1) p. 12-15;
      • in metal pole 30(1) p. 7, 12-15 (pipe on top of pier);
      • in oil pump 1(4) p. 9; 2(3) p. 18 (Florida);
      • in old piling 7(1) p. 10;
      • in open end of boom of sailboat 30(1) p. 12-15;
      • in other than man-made housing 4(2) p. 17; 15(2) p. 12;
      • in PVC piping 17(3) p. 24-25;
      • in rafter in boat shed 30(1) p. 12-15;
      • in rot pockets on pier 30(1) p. 12-15;
      • in saguaro cactus 4(2) p. 22; 18(3) p. 12; 19(2) p. 23-25; 29(4) p. 8-12 (and progne subis hesperia); 31(4) p. 2 (loss of cactus);
      • in snags (see Western Martins);
      • in street light 4(2) p. 23; 12(2) p. 4 (Orlando, FL); 20(4) p. 27-29 (vandalized lights); 30(1) p. 12-15 (broken);
      • in tree 17(2) p. 8-9 (New Mexico);  29(3) p. 15 (cavities);
      • in underground lava tubes 11(4) p. 2;
      • in utility pole 14(1) p. 26-29 (western martins);
      • in vent pipe 30(1) p. 12-15;
      • in wooden pilings 30(1) p. 12-15 (in bandoned and active marinas);
      • in woodpecker-created cavities  4(3) p. 6-7 (Sabal Palm trees in Florida); 9(2) p. 8-11; (Northeastern New Mexico); 10 (1) p. 21; 10 (2) p. 26-29 (Tehachapi Range of Calif.); 10 (3) p. 2-4; 11(2) p. 4-7 (Colorado Rockies); 13(1)  p. 1-7 (in Calif., Oregon, & Washington);
      • large clutches 7(1) p. 12; 26 (3) p. 5 (11 eggs);
      • large nesting site 10 (1) p. 18;
      • late nest (see Behavior)
      • man-made 10 (2) p. 12;
      • maple seed pods in 14(3) p. 20;
      • material 3(2) p. 21; 4(2) p. 24 (goose droppings), 26 (supplemental); 6(1) p. 16, 18 (pine needles); 7(1) p. 14 (use of sawdust); 7(4) p. 15; 8(4) p. 16 (use of mud); 10 (1) p. 5 (injury from rubber band), 11 (use of nest material tray); 11(2) p. 17 (use of sticks); 12(2) p. 8, 23; 12(3) p. 27 (metal found in nest); 12(4)  p. 21 (pytochemicals in leaves); 13(2) p. 11 (pine straw); 13(4) p. 9 (adding); 14(3) p. 8 (securing pine straw on platform); 14(4) p. 7 (offering to attract); 15(2) p. 17 (coir- coconut fiber); 16(2) p. 12; 16(4) p. 12 (periwinkle and zebra mussels, glass and metal in), 12 (paper clip, cigarette butts, mylar tinsel, plastic coffee stirrer, green canvas, plastic and silk artificial leaves); 17(2) p. 11 use of tamale wrappers; 18(4) p. 15 (hazardous material); 20(4) p. 17 (use of shotgun shell wads); 24(4) p. 7;  26(4) p. 23; 27 (3) p. 19 (how much to add);  28(3) p. 14 (added by landlord); 29(3) p. 16 (leaf preferences); 29(4) p. 16 (dry hay); 31(2) p. 12-13;
      • mollusk shells in 23(1) p. 9; 
      • mud dams 7(1) p. 20 (function); 9(3) p. 18; 11(2) p. 17 (in gourds); 12(3) p. 10; 13(1) p. 11 (spilling out of entrance hole/function); 19(3) p. 13 (materials used, reasons for); 24(2) p. 7; 30(1) p. 22 (use of a dead fish as dam);
      • multiple 11(2) p. 14 (disoriented purple martin);
      • newspaper in  14(3) p. 20;
      • o-ring in 14(3) p. 20;
      • pine shavings in 12(2) p. 8, 23;
      • pine straw in 12(2) p. 8, 23; 17(2) p. 11;
      • potato root in  14(3) p. 20;
      • predation 14(4) p. 7-8;
      • preference for old nests (see Behavior)
      • premade (4) p. 28; 12(3) p. 10; 12(4) p. 9;
      • removing old 4(4) p. 28; 7(2) p. 15; 8(4) p. 14; 12(3) p. 10; 12(4) p. 9 (reasons why); 15(1) p. 10; 21(4) p. 10; 22(1) p. 10;
      • renest attempts (see Behavior)
      • replacements 4(2) p. 27; 4(3) p. 16, 26; 5(3) p. 16; 5(4) p. 15; 6(2) p. 16; 7(1) p. 14; 7(2) p. 15; 8(3) p. 16; 9(2) p. 4, 5 (how and why); 9(3) p. 23 (before eggs hatch); 10 (1) p. 22; 11(1) p. 15; 11(2) p. 23; 13(2) p. 9 (following wind-driven rains); 14(3) p. 18; 15(1) p. 10; 20(3) p. 10 (when to do); 27 (1) p. 25; 30(2) p. 18-19 (how to); 31(4) p. 14 (and mites);
      • reuse test 2(4) p. 3;
      • season 13(4) p. 11 (length of);
      • season videotaped  3(4) p. 10-13;
      • size 4(4) p. 24;
      • skate egg case in 22(4) p. 25;
      • snail shell in 23(1) p. 11;
      • spanish moss in 12(1) p. 8; 12(2) p. 23 (nestling entangled in moss);
      • spruce tree needles in 12(2) p. 8;
      • success 5(1) p. 28; 8(2) p. 15 (improving); 13(3) p. 11; 15(4) p. 16 (success rates);
      • temperature of nesting chamber 4(4) p. 26;
      • under ferry docks 5(4) p. 18;
      • under piling caps at marina 11(3) p. 21;
      • under Spanish roof tiles 11(3) p. 12;
      • wet 12(3) p. 10 (implications of); 13(1) p. 25;
      • wheat straw in 12(2) p. 8;
    • Nest cameras 12(3) p. 16; 17(2) p. 20-21 (installing); 25(4) p. 24-25 (PMCA streaming); 26(4) p. 18-21;
    • Nest fauna 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
    • Nestling(s)
      • albino 14(1) p. 22-25;
      • and hypothermia 5(3) p. 15;
      • and kestrel attacks 12(1) p. 9;
      • and parent signature 13(4) p. 10 (recognition of parents);
      • aging 9(1) p. 2, 4;
      • average hatch size 8(4) p. 4;
      • baby photos 9(1) p. 2 (how to use);
      • banding 2(4) p. 4; 8(3) p. 20;
      • begging after fledging  28(4) p. 19;
      • bill deformity 13(4) p. 27;
      • choking on insects 5(2) p. 21; 5(2) p. 21 (dragonfly); 10 (1) p. 12, 13 (large cicadas/dragonfly); 14(4) p. 18;
      • choking on nesting material 7(4) p. 20;
      • choking on white pebble 14(4) p. 18;
      • deaths 7(4) p. 16; 8(3) p. 15; 11(2) p. 16 (causes); 11(3) p. 9 (causes); 13(1) p. 9 (causes); 13(4) p. 10 (swallowed twig/reasons for); 16(3) p. 10 (commonality); 19(4) p.10 (grit cause); 27 (2) p. 16 (causes); 29(4) p. 17 (causes); 30(2) p. 8 (causes);
      • definition 1(1) p. 14;
      • development  3(1) p. 6 (photos); 21(4) p. 9 (growth rates); 31(1) p. 28-29;
      • eating plant material 13(4) p. 10 (corn fodder);
      • egg tooth 9(2) p. 17;
      • ejected 8(3) p. 15; 10 (2) p. 21;
      • entangled in moss in nest 12(2) p. 23;
      • entangled in twine 18(4) p. 15;
      • failing to fledge 6(4) p. 8 (reasons); 8(1) p. 14 (reasons);
      • fallouts (see grounded nestlings below);
      • flapathon 10 (3) p. 13;
      • food begging 10 (3) p. 12;
      • fostering 10 (1) p. 22; 16(3) p. 11;
      • gizzard/grit study 2(4) p. 4;
      • grounded nestlings  1(2) p. 26, 37; 1(4) p. 17; 3(2) p. 25; 4(1) p. 23 (reasons); 4(2) p. 27; 4(3) p. 16 (reasons); 4(4) p. 17; 6(4) p. 15; 7(2) p.14 (parents abandoning); 8(3) p. 15; 8(4) p. 15; 9(1) p. 16; 10 (1) p. 5 (from nest built to high), 11; 11(1) p. 17 (due to porches); 13(1) p. 9 (reasons); 14(4) p. 6 (parents feeding/what to do with/causes); 15(3) p. 11 (causes); 19(4) p.9; 21(1) p. 10 (jumping); 27(4) p. 18; 30(1) p. 21 (reasons);
      • growth of 5(3) p. 1; 8(1) p. 18 (development photos); 29(4) p. 28-29;
      • honeybees and  9(1) p. 19 (stinging); 19(4) p. 11-13 (retaliatory behavior on  nestling);
      • hatching late (in season) 11(1) p. 15;
      • identification  25(4) p. 19;
      • leg splaying 3(4) p. 14; 6(1) p. 20 (use of Gutter Guard on flooring to prevent); 6(4) p. 8 (reasons/deaths); 10 (1) p.11; 13(4) p. 11 (causes/prevention); 15(2) p. 12 (causes/prevention); 24(3) p. 5;
      • leaving nest during nest checks 6(2) p. 16;
      • loss of 4(3) p.11;
      • malnourished 18(1) p. 12;
      • moving to another nest 4(4) p. 15; 8(4) p. 14;
      • natal dispersal (see Behavior)
      • orphaned 27(4) p. 19;
      • porch wandering 13(3) p.9; 21(3) p. 10 (reasons); 23(3) p.5;
      • parents feeding 10 (4) p. 14; 14(4) p. 6 (grounded);
      • premature fledging (see Behavior);
      • rehabbed nestling 16(4) p. 11;
      • rescue device  15(1) p. 24-25;
      • returning to birth site 1(2) p. 26; 5(1) p. 16; 10 (3) p. 15; 21(4) p. 9, 11;
      • returning to natal cavity to sleep 27 (3) p. 21;
      • roll-outs 10 (1) p. 5;
      • runts 11(1) p. 19; 17(3) p. 8; 27(4) p. 19;
      • sexing 13(4) p. 8;
      • single nestling 5(3) p. 15 (overfeeding);
      • size 4(1) p. 23;
      • subcutaneous emphysema 10 (1) p. 2; 11(3) p. 23 (extreme case); 13(4) p. 27;
      • starving 13(3) p. 11 (reasons);
      • survival rates 8(4) p. 4;
      • swallowing cedar shavings 13(3) p. 10;
      • swallowing corn fodder 14(3) p. 10;
      • under developed eye 13(4) p. 27 (microphthalmia);
      • weight 5(1) p. 12;
    • Nestquest Go Project 30(4) p. 5;
    • Nest site competitors
      • bluebirds 2(4) p. 23; 3(2) p. 25 (in martin housing); 3(4) p. 23(natural history); 7(2) p. 16; 8(2) p. 12, 15 (in martin housing); 8(4) p. 26; 10 (2) p. 14 (eastern); 10 (3) p. 6 (egg description/photo); 10 (3) p. 15; 10 (4) p. 16 (in martin housing); 11(1) p. 13; 11(3) p. 9 (negotiating SREH); 12(2) p. 9; 13(4) p. 9; 14(1) p. 9; 14(2) p. 9 (housing near); 14(3) p. 27 (nest/egg identification); 14(4) p. 8; 16(1) p. 12 (housing near); 16(1) p. 28 (used as sentries at martin colony); 16(3) p. 18; 19(4) p.28; 21(3) p. 12; 22(1) p. 9, 24-26 (management); 22(2) p. 24-26; 22(3) p. 10-11; 23(1) p. 8; 25(4) p. 20 (bluebird eggs in martin nest); 27 (1) p. 28; 29(3) p. 15; 31(1) p. 11 (in martin housing);
      • chickadees 14(1) p. 9; 14(3) p. 29 (nest/egg identification); 19(4) p.29; 22(2) p. 26 Carolina); 26 (3) p. 26;
      • grackles  3(2) p. 19; 4(3) p. 21; 10 (1) p. 15; 14(3) p. 8, 10 (boat-tailed);
      • great-crested flycatcher  6(2) p. 14; 10 (2) p. 14; 10 (3) p. 6 (egg description/photo); 11(1) p. 13; 11(4) p. 11; 12(4) p. 10; 13(3) p.12-13;  14(3) p. 29 (nest/egg identification); 16(1) p. 29; 19(3) p. 12-13; 19(4) p.27; 23(1) p. 8; 23(3) p. 8; 24(3) p. 16 (in gourd); 27 (1) p. 28;
      • house finches 1(3) p. 2-4; 4(1) p. 20; 4(2) p. 24; 6(3) p. 16; 10(3) p. 6 (egg description/photo); 14(2) p. 10; 14(3) p. 10 (caught in sparrow trap), p. 29 (nest/egg identification); 17(4) p. 12; 17(4) p. 12; 19(4) p.8;
      • house sparrows (English) 1(1) p. 31; 1(2) p. 24, 25-26; 1(3) p. 21, 22; 1(4) p. 24, 27; 2(1) p. 24, 25; 2(2) p. 25; 2(4) p. 21, 25 (breaking martin eggs); 3(1) p. 20, 23; 3(2) p. 16, 22; 3(4) p. 16, 29; 4(1) p. 24, 17 (killing martin nestling); 4(2) p. 18, 26; 4(3) p. 16, 17 (sparrow revenge), 22 (nest built upon martin nest); 5(2) p. 18, 23; 5(3) p. 15, 16, 19;5(4) p. 16, 17, 26 (martin feeds); 6(1) p. 17 (sparrow "revenge"); 6(2) p. 14, 20; 6(4) p. 16 (repelling with garlic), 17; 7(1) p. 13; 7(4) p. 14, 17; 8(2) p. 8 (program for controlling), 16; 8(4) p. 21; 9(1) p. 13; 9(3) p. 17, 22, 28; 9(4) p. 16 (trapping/killing); 9(4) p. 19 (and gourds); 10 (2) p. 12, 16, 17; 10 (3) p. 6 (egg description/photo); 11(1) p. 16 (nest description); 11(2) p. 15 (breaking eggs/killing nestlings), 16 (nest removal); 11(3) p. 8; 11(4) p. 12 (house sparrow revenge syndrome); 11(4) p. 13 (control methods); 11(4) p. 15 (euthanasia of); 12(2) p. 8 (controlling/egg-nest description), 10 (impact on colony); 12(3) p. 10 (trapping/use of mousetrap); 12(4) p. 18 (and West Nile Virus), 24-25 (control of using traps); 13(1) p. 10, 19, 23; 13(3) p. 8, 16 (control of); 13(4) p. 9 (trapping/controlling), 11 (attracted by birdfeeders near housing), 28 (controlling humanely); 14(1) p. 9 (controlling), 10, 27-28; 14(2) p. 9 (controlling); 14(3) p. 10(trapping/baiting), 20, 28 (nest/egg identification), 29; 14(4) p. 17 (trapping); 15(3) p. 13 (trapping); 15(4) p. 5 (trapping), 11, 13; 16(1) p. 13;  housing native competitive cavity nesters; 15(2) p. 13; 17(1) p. 10, 11; 17(2) p. 10; 18(2) p. 11; 18(3) p. 17 (egg shaking); 18(4) p. 10; 19(3) p. 11; 19(4) p.9 (pipping martin eggs); 20(2) p. 9; 20(3) p. 25-26 (feeding martin nestlings); 21(2) p. 8, 9, 17, 22-25 (controlling); 21(3) p. 10, 11; 21(4) p. 10; 22(1) p. 9; 22(2) p. 9, 24; 22(3) p. 9, 25-27 (control myths); 22(4) p. 10 (nest identification); 23(2) p. 29 (nestbox trap); 23(4) p. 9;  24(1) p. 6; 24(2) p. 9; 25(2) p. 9 (use of sparrow spookers); 25(3) p. 18-19, 20, 21; 25(4) p. 20; 26(4) p. 23; 28-29; 27 (1) p. 26 (use of cigarette butts in nest and adverse effects); 27 (2) p. 12-14 (euthanizing), 18; 27(4) p. 24 (euthanizing); 28(1) p. 26 (in gourds);  29(4) p. 17 (addling their eggs); 29(4) p. 19; 30(3) p. 13 (managing), 15 (pipping martin eggs); 30(4) p. 13-15 (managing); 31(3) p. 11;
      • mockingbird  7(1) p. 26 (Dellinger); 7(4) p. 22; 10 (3) p. 14; 12(4) p. 9; 28(2) p. 17-19 (Sparrow Swap Program); 28(4) p. 21 (harassing martins);
      • northern flicker 18(2) p. 29 (western martins);
      • northern rough-winged swallows 9(4) p. 15 (in martin housing);
      • nuthatches 15(3) p. 11;
      • squirrels 1(2) p. 24; 1(4) p. 26; 2(1) p. 24; 2(4) p. 23 (flying squirrel);  3(1) p. 15 (13-lined Ground squirrel); 4(2) p. 12 (Eastern fox squirrel in martin house); 10 (2) p. 14; 13(1) p. 10, 22 (gave birth in house); 20(3) p. 16 (flying); 27 (3) p. 19;
      • starlings (European) 1(1) p. 10 (impact on martin populations in unmanaged colonies); 1(2) p. 24; 1(3) p. 21; 1(4) p. 26; 2(1) p. 25; 2(3) p. 21, 23, 24; 2(4) p. 17, 19, 23; 3(1) p. 20; 3(2) p. 25;3(4) p. 29; 4(1) p. 25; 4(2) p. 26; 4(3) p. 14; 5(2) p. 26; 5(3) p. 15, 23; 5(4) p. 16, 17; 6(4) p. 16; 7(1) p. 16; 7(4) p. 14; 8(4) p. 21; 9(1) p. 13, 14 (light to deter); 9(3) p. 22, 28; 9(4) p. 19 (and gourds); 10 (2) p. 12, 16, 17 (removing eggs from nest); 10 (3) p. 6 (egg description/photo); 10 (3) p. 15; 10 (4) p. 16; 11(1) p. 16; 11(2) p. 17 (nest removal); 11(4) p. 8 (painting inside compartments to deter); 12(1) p. 11 (use of crescent entrances to control), 22 (Repeating Bait Trap); 12(2) p. 8 (egg-nest description), 10 (impact on colony); 12(4) p. 23 (use of Troyer V-top trap); 13(1) p. 18 (destroying martin eggs), 19, 23 (use of S&S Controller trap); 13(3) p. 8, 15 (and crescent entrances); 14(1) p. 9 (controlling), 10, 27-28; 14(2) p. 10 (controlling), 18; 14(3) p. 8-9 (trapping), 10, 20, 28 (nest/egg identification); 14(4) p. 6 (attacking martins); 15(4) p. 11; 16(1) p. 13; 16(3) p. 18; 17(1) p. 10; 17(2) p. 11 (attacking tree swallows); 18(3) p. 11 (egg shaking); 18(4) p. 23 (SREH); 19(1) p. 12 (trapping); 19(3) p. 11-12 (and crescent holes); 20(1) p. 9; 20(3) p. 8 (destroying eggs); 21(2) p. 9, 17; 21(3) p. 10; 22(2) p. 24-26 (control); 22(3) p. 8; 23(2) p. 10; 23(2) p. 29 (nestbox trap); 24(2) p. 26-28 (and SREH); 25(2) p. 10, 11;  25(3) p. 20; 26 (3) p. 24;  26(4) p. 7, 25, 28-29; 27 (2) p. 18; 27 (3) p. 19; 27(4) p. 24; 30(4) p. 13-15 (managing); 31(3) p. 11;
      • Stellar's jay 18(2) p. 29 (western martins);
      • tree swallows 1(4) p. 25; 2(3) p. 21, 23; 3(1) p. 25; 4(2) p. 22; 4(4) p. 15; 5(4) p. 23; 6(3) p. 15;7(2) p. 16; 8(2) p. 17; 8(3) p. 16, 22; 8(4) p. 16, 17; 9(2) p. 14; 9(4) p. 23; 10 (2) p. 14, 16; 10 (3) p. 6 (egg description/photo), 11; 11(1) p. 13; 12(4)  p. 10; 13(4) p. 9;  14(1) p. 8, 9; 14(3) p. 27 (nest/egg identification); 14(4) p. 8; 15(2) p. 19; 16(1) p. 28 (used as sentries at martin colony); 17(2) p. 11; 19(1) p. 10-11; 19(2) p. 12; 19(4) p.27; 20(2) p.10; 21(1) p. 10; 21(3) p. 11, 12; 22(1) p. 8, 9; 22(2) p. 24-26; 22(3) p. 11, 26; 23(1) p. 8; 24(4) p. 8; 25(2) p. 24-25; 27 (1) p. 28; 28(1) p. 27;  29(3) p. 15; 29(4) p. 14; 30(3) p. 15 (in martin housing);
      • wrens  4(1) p. 24 (house); 5(3) p. 17 (house); 7(2) p. 26 (cactus); 9(3) p. 22; 10 (3) p. 6 (egg description/photo); 11(1) p. 26 (house); 12(4) p. 10 (house); 14(3) p. 27 (nest/egg identification); 17(2) p. 19; 17(3) p. 7 (house); 19(4) p.29 (house); 23(1) p. 9;  26(4) p. 22; 27 (1) p. 28 (house wren); 30(3) p. 14 (in martin housing);
    • New Jersey Teaches Community about PUMAs  14(4) p. 20-21;
    • New Mexico (landlords) 19(3) p.19;
    • New York State 21(4) p. 18-19 (projects);
    • New York State Purple Martin Society 21(3) p. 1;
    • Nite Guard (see Predator Guards)
    • North American Breeding Bird Survey  16(4) p. 2-5;
    • North Carolina school aid martins  12(4) p. 26-29;
    • North Carolina Purple Martin Society 21(3) p. 1;
    • Northern Flicker 18(2) p. 29 (and western martins);
    • Northwest Alabama Purple Martin Club  16(1) p. 14-15;
    • NOVA (Northern Virginia Purple Martin Initiative) 27 (2) p. 25-27;

    O

    • Ontario Purple Martin Association  21(3) p. 2; 26(1) p. 22-23;
    • Opossum  13(2) p. 4-5 (White-eared);
    • Osprey 1(3) p. 20; 3(4) p. 24; 16(2) p. 12 (near martin colony); 18(1) p. 10 (platform near martin colony); 19(4) p.10 (compatibility with martins); 20(4) p. 8; 25(2) p. 9; 29(4) p. 16 (near housing);
    • Oyster shell (see Diet)
    • Owls (see Predators)

    P

    • Pairing (see Behavior)
    • Paper wasps (see Housing)
    • Parasite 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 2(4) p. 28-29 (infestations); 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
    • Parasiticide 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
    • Parasitologist 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
    • Parasitiology 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
    • Parent abandoning grounded nestlings (see Behavior)
    • Particle marking 12(4)  p. 11 (migration study):
    • patagial tags on martins 11(1) p. 14;
    • Paternity 22(3) p. 22-24 (age-related in martins);
    • Pennsylvania Purple Martin Working Group  23(3) p. 10-11;
    • Penwell-Gabel Cemetary  25(1) p. 19 (martin colony); 
    • Permanent resident 1(1) p. 15 (definition);
    • Peruvian martin  (Progne murphyi) 17(4) p. 14; 29(4) p. 14;
    • Pesticides (see Ectoparasites)
    • Peterson, Roger Tory 7(1) p. 1
    • Photographing purple martins  14(2) p. 22-23;
    • pigeonnier  9(3) p. 25 (use by martins);
    • Pipping (see Eggs)
    • Planned gifting  31(4) p. 27 (to PMCA);
    • Plumage 1(2) p. 27 (definition); 5(2) p. 6; 17(3) p. 26-27;
    • PMCA
      • 2003 Season Summary  13(1) p. 28-29;
      • 2004 Season Report 13(4) p. 26-27;
      • 2004 Staff activities 13(4) p. 12;
      • 2006 Season Summary  15(3) p. 2-4;
      • 2007 Colony Site Report 16(4) p. 24-25;
      • 2007 Conference and Festival 16(4) p. 20-23;
      • 2011 Conference and Festival 20(4) p. 2-3;
      • 2022 Conference 31(4) p. 10-13;
      • 2015 Season Summary 24(4) p. 9;
      • 2016 Season Summary 25(4) p. 8-10;
      • 2016 Amazon Expedition (Part 1)26(2) p. 8-13; 26 (3) p. 7-12 (Part 2);
      • 2017 Season Summary 26(4) p. 8-10 (PMCA colony);
      • 2018 Season Summary 27(4) p. 20-23;
      • 2019 Season Summary 28(4) p. 22-25;
      • 2020 Season Summary 29(4) p. 24-26;
      • 2021 Season Summary 30(4) p. 18-21;
      • 2022 Season Summary 31(4) p. 7-9;
      • Affiliate Program 20(2) p.11; 20(3) p. 1;
      • Anniversary 21(2) p. 3 (25th);
      • archival repository 2(4) p. 4;
      • at industry trade show 12(3) p. 11;
      • BBC 3(2) p. 28;
      • continent wide publicity 1(4) p. 7;
      • develops new tool for PM attracting 3(1) p. 28;
      • Daylily Grants 17(2) p. 22-23;
      • environmental education grant 16(4) p. 1;
      • farmer's almanac pokes fun 2(2) p. 13;
      • fencing fund complete (Lake Pontchartrain Project) 5(4) p. 2;
      • function 2(4) p. 2-5, 27;
      • history 1(1) p. 36; 5(3) p. 14;  8(1) p. 1; 31(4) p. 28-29 (35 year anniversary);
      • how to join 1(1) p. 37;
      • Hill, James R. 14(2) p. 1 (retires)
      • interns 24(4) p. 14 (Shelby Rog);
      • landlord of the year
        • Charles McEwen (1992) 3(4) p. 8-9;
        • Andy Troyer (1993) 4(3) p. 24;
        • Terry Suchma (1994) 5(3) p. 26;
        • Dr. Thomas Baynes Dellinger (1995) 6(4) p. 1;
        • Edwin W. Donath (1996) 7(4) p. 2;
        • Chris J. Slabaugh, Sr. (1997) 8(3) p. 2;
        • Ken Justus (1998) 9(1) p. 8;
        • Ron Seekamp (1999) 9(4) p. 2;
        • David R. Fouts (2000) 10 (4) p. 5
        • William Dietrich (2001) 11(2) p. 24;
        • Allen Jackson (2002) 11(4) p. 26;
        • Tim Shaheen (2007) 16(4) p. 26-28;
        • John Barrow (2008)  17(3) p. 20-23;
      • listed in 1989 NWF Conservation Directory 1(4) p. 7;
      • leadership changes at  13(1) p. 13;
      • Media platforms 30(2) p. 14-15;
      • Mentor Program 28(1) p. 24:
      • nestcam 25(4) p. 24-25;
      • new offices & mailing address  14(4) p. 1; 15(1) p. 2;
      • news from 2(3) p. 6; 2(4) p. 1; 3(1) p. 1; 3(2) p. 1; 4(1) p. 11; 4(2) p. 1; 4(3) p. 1; 5(1) p. 13; 5(2) p. 1; 5(4) p. 1; 6(1) p. 1; 6(2) p. 1; 6(3) p. 1; 7(2) p. 1; 8(2) p. 1; 8(4) p. 1; 9(1) p. 1;
      • organizations impact 30(4) p. 16-17;
      • planned giving 6(3) p. 29; 28(4) p. 26-27; 29(4) p. 27;
      • PMCA Conservation Award
        • Alisa Esposito (2003) 12(4) p. 16-17;
      • PMCA's innovative martin products 1(3) p. 29;
      • PMCA sponsored team takes 1st place in birdathon 6(2) p. 29;
      • Presque Isle sites 16(4) p. 24-25;
      • receives grant 26(2) p. 2;
      • registration program 1(2) p. 5;
      • research 1(3) p. 30 (research grounds); 3(2) p. 5 (Arizona 1991); 23(1) p. 20-23; 31(2) p. 2 (in Amazon); 
      • review of PMCA's first decade 8(1) p. 4;
      • reviews research grant 1(4) p. 7;
      • scout arrival study 9(3) p. 6;
      • Songbird Essentials Program  29(3) p. 12-13 (grant program);
      • staff through the years 28(1) p. 20;
      • summer intern 15(4) p. 23 (experiences);  17(4) p. 26-27 (experiences);
      • t-shirt featured on TODAY SHOW 1(2) p. 35;
      • visiting PMCA (2) p. 24;
      • volunteering 10 (4) p. 27;
      • vs. Nature Society 9(4) p. 16;
    • Pole nets 12(4) p. 4-6 (used to capture martins in bridge weep holes);
    • Polygamy (see Behavior)
    • Polygamous 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
    • Ponds 25(2) p. 12-13 (use of by martins);
    • Population 1(1) p. 4 (trends 1966-1986 in North America); 1(1) p. 7 (trends in U. S.); 1(1) p. 8 (abundance and breeding distribution in North America); 1(1) p. 10 (impact of starlings on martin populations); 1(2) p. 20 (long term trends); 2(1) p. 4 (in New York state); 2(1) p. 26 (increasing colony population); 2(2) p. 10 (population study in Wisconsin 1942); 2(3) p. 24 (increasing colony population); 4(1) p. 14 (changes over 15 years); 4(2) p. 14 (in Pennsylvania); 4(4) p. 12 (in Michigan); 5(2) p. 17 (population stats); 5(2) p. 19 (decline);6(2) p. 2 (North American Breeding Bird Survey 1966-1994); 6(2) p. 17 (reasons for decrease at colony); 7(1) p. 7 (in Pacific Northwest); 7(1) p. 13 (population stats in U. S.);8(1) p. 26 (patterns 1966-1994); 9(1) p. 15 (high mortality rates at end of season); 16(4) p. 2-5 (status of); 18(3) p. 14-15; 22(1) p. 8; 30(1) p. 16; 31(1) p. 20-22 (trends- reprinted article);
    • Porch dividers (see Houses);
    • Porch tunnels (see Gourds);
    • Portable ground socket 12(4) p. 24 (how to make);
    • Portage Lake Purple Martin Association 16(2) p. 13-15;  21(3) p. 1;
    • Post-breeding behavior (see behavior)
    • Post-fledging wandering (see behavior)
    • Post fledgling behavior in parents (see Behavior)
    • Predation of colony 2(4) p. 28; 5(1) p. 18; 17(4) p. 11; 31(2) p. 23 (signs of);
    • Predators
      • ants  2(4) p. 16 (fire); 5(3) p. 21 (fire); 6(3)p. 21 (fire-controlling); 8(3) p. 16 (fire); 9(1) p. 16 (fire); 11(4) p. 19 (fire); 12(3)p. 10 (fire- ways to deter); 17(3) p. 6; 20(1) p. 8; 24(1) p. 24-27 (diet);
      • bald eagle 9(3) p.18; 29(4) p. 16 (near housing);
      • bass 1(2) p. 23 (bass eats martin);
      • black-billed magpie 2(2) p. 15 (eating nestlings);
      • blue jay 9(4) p. 19 (predation on martin nestlings); 11(1) p. 14 (pulling nestlings from housing);
      • crows 2(3) p. 8-9, 15 (taking nestling);  2(4) p. 21 (Fish crows attacking nestlings); 5(1) p. 14 (eating nestlings); 5(4) p. 18 (attacking nestlings); 7(1) p. 23; 7(2) p. 14; 8(2) p. 14; 9(2) p. 16, 19; 12(2) p. 10; 13(3) p. 8; 15(2) p. 10; 16(1) p. 11; 17(4) p. 17 (detering hawks); 20(1) p.9; 25(2) p. 11; 26 (3) p. 6, 23; 26(4) p. 25;
      • Cuban tree frog 16(3) p. 16;
      • definition 1(1) p. 14; 2(4) p. 10 (definition);
      • falcon  9(4) p. 15 (deep compartments/hardware cloth "cage" to prevent kestrel/merlin attacks);
      • feral cats 5(2) p. 17; 9(1) p. 16; 10 (1) p. 11; 10 (2) p. 16; 18(1) p. 12;
      • fire ants (see ants)
      • fish 21(1) p. 9;
      • frogs 21(1) p. 9 (bullfrog); 21(3) p. 12 (Cuban tree frog);
      • herons 2(4) p. 26 (great blue); 12(4) p. 10 (great blue); 20(4) p. 8; 26 (3) p. 20-21 (great blue attacking water-downed martin);  
      • guards (see Predator Guards)
      • hawks 2(4) p. 24; 3(4) p. 22; 4(4) p. 21; 5(1) p. 18; 6(1) p. 15; 7(1) p. 23 (red-tailed); 7(2) p. 28 (sharp-shinned); 9(4) p. 15 (Cooper's); 9(4) p. 15 (sharp-shinned); 10 (1) p. 11; 10 (2) p. 17 (sharp-shinned), (attacking martins); p. 20 (sharp-shinned); 11(1) p. 29 (attacking purple martin decoys); 11(2) p. 16 (Cooper's/Sharp-shinned); 11(3) p. 19 (red-tailed); 12(3) p. 23 (Crested Caracara); 12(4) p. 23 (Cooper's); 13(2) p. 11 (sharp-shinned attracted to martin decoy); 13(3) p. 8; 14(1) p. 11 (red-tail raiding gourds); 14(2) p. 16-17 (Cooper's & Sharp-shinned), 21 (attacking martin decoys), 25 (Screech);  14(3) p. 11 (red-tailed/cooper's/sharp-shinned), 21 (Cooper's attacking martin decoy); 14(4) p. 7-8; 15(1) p. 11; 15(2) p. 10 (red-tailed/cooper's/sharp-shinned); 16(1) p. 28 (PEWS system); 18(3) p. 11; 18(4) p. 14 (Cooper's); 19(1) p. 11; 20(1) p. 9 (red-tail/kestrel); 20(2) p. 9; 20(3) p. 15 (Cooper's/Sharp-shinned); 21(2) p. 9; 22(3) p. 11; 23(3) p. 29 (sharp-shinned); 25(1) p. 14-15 (protecting colony from);  26(4) p. 25; 27(4) p. 28;  28 (3) p. 14 (use of scarecrow/martin decoys to distract); 29(3) p. 16; 30(2) p. 9 (use of horn as deterrent); 31(3) p. 12 (use of martin decoys);
      • iguana 21(3) p. 12;
      • kestrel 2(3) p. 15; 2(4) p. 25; 4(2) p. 25 (taking over martin house); 5(2) p. 21; 7(1) p. 23; 7(2) p. 15; 9(4) p. 15; 10 (1) p. 17 (use of SREH); 12(1) p. 9; 15(1) p. 12; 15(2) p. 25; 15(4) p. 16 (sharp-shinned); 16(1) p. 17; 
      • laughing gulls 11(2) p. 15 (taking nestlings);
      • Magpie 2(2)  p. 15 (eating nestlings);
      • merlin 2(2) p. 28 (feeding on road killed martin); 9(4) p. 15;
      • mink  18(1) p. 12;
      • mississippi kites 7(2) p. 28;
      • mockingbird 16(3) p. 12;
      • owls 1(4) p. 21 (screech in housing), 26; 2(1) p. 27; 2(3) p. 8-9; 5(2) p. 16(attacking gourds), 23; 5(3) p. 15; 5(4) p. 19 (screech); 6(1) p. 14 (great-horned); 6(3) p. 15 (evidence of owl predation); 6(4) p. 22 (screech); 7(1) p. 17; 7(2) p. 29 (screech); 8(3) p. 11 (screech in housing); 9(2) p. 17; 10 (1) p. 14, 16, 17 (use of SREH for screech owls); 10 (2) p. 17; 10 (3) p. 12 (Great-horned); 11(1) p. 29 (attacking purple martin decoys); 11(2) p. 17 (attacking gourds/prevention), 20; 11(3) p. 8; 12(4)  p.19, 22 (laser light as Great-horned Owl deterrent); 13(1)  p. 9 (nighttime raids), 10, 26; 13(3) p. 8; 13(4) p. 14 (use of Nite Guard as deterrent); 14(1) p. 10(screech, great-horned, barred); 14(2) p. 9 (screech), 11(egg comparisons), 25 (screech in housing); 14(3) p. 11, 20 (screech in housing), 29 (nest/egg identification); 14(4) p. 7-8; 15(1) p. 10; 15(2) p. 13(screech owls and SREH use); 16(1) p. 13, 16, 27-28 (GHOST house); 16(2) p. 10; 16(3) p. 23 (Barred owl); 17(1) p. 10 (screech); 17(2) p. 28 (radio transmitters found in owl pellets); 18(3) p. 11; 18(4) p. 24; 19(1) p. 11 (great-horned); 19(3) p. 13; 20(1) p.10; 21(2) p. 9; 21(2) p. 9 (barn, great-horned, barred), 18-20 (great-horned/GHOST house); 22(2) p. 26; 22(3) p. 11; 22(4) p. 15 (Barred); 25(3) p. 21 (fake owl near housing); 27 (2) p. 16 (eastern screech in housing); 27(4) p. 28;  28(3) p. 18-23; 29(3) p. 16; 29(4) p. 16 (Great-horned -protection from); 
      • ospreys 1(3) p. 20; 15(4) p. 12;
      • peregrine falcon 4(2) p. 13; 6(3) p. 21;
      • raccoons 2(3) p. 21 (signs of); 2(4) p. 19; 4(2) p. 22; 9(2) p. 15; 10 (1) p. 16; 10 (2) p. 17 (climbing poles); 11(3) p. 8; 11(4) p. 19; 12(2) p. 10; 13(1)  p. 9; 14(1) p. 10; 14(4) p. 7-8; 14(4) p. 18; 18(1) p. 12; 18(3) p. 16; 19(3) p. 13; 20(1) p.8, 10; 21(2) p. 9; 21(4) p. 11; 22(1) p. 10; 22(2) p. 26; 23(3) p. 6; 27 (3) p. 19; 27(4) p. 24; 29(3) p. 16;
      • roadrunner 5(4) p. 12; 14(3) p. 9; 21(2) p. 18;
      • robin 16(3) p. 12;
      • shrikes 4(2) p. 24 (taking nestling from porch);
      • snakes 1(2) p. 18, 24, 26; 2(2) p. 21, 26; 2(3) p. 21 (rat snake); 2(4) p. 18; 3(1) p. 22; 3(4) p. 18; 4(1) p. 23; 4(2) p. 12, 21; 4(3) p. 15, 19; 4(4) p. 15, 21; 5(1) p. 15; 6(1) p. 23; 6(2) p. 20; 6(3) p. 17; 7(1) p. 19, 20;7(2) p. 15, 2; 8(4) p. 14; 9(2) p. 17; 9(3) p. 17, 23; 10 (1) p. 12, 16; 10 (2) p. 24 (predation), (Texas rat snake); 10 (3) p. 5; 11(1) p. 16; 11(2) p. 16 (Black Rat), 19 (rat snake climbing pole guard); 11(3) p. 8; 12(1) p. 10, 19; 12(2) p. 10, 21; 12(3) p. 17 (black rat snake); 12(4)  p. 2-3 (rat snakes-using Net Trap to deter), 19 (netting caught rat snake), 22(rat snake); 13(1) p. 15-17 (guards for), 18 (black snake), 23, 26; 13(3) p. 14 (rat snake); 14(1) p. 10; 14(2) p. 19 (predation); 14(3) p. 20 (yellow rat); 14(4) p. 18; 16(1) p. 11 (rat snake), 17; 16(2) p. 4-5; 17(1) p. 11 (Texas rat snake); 18(2) p. 9 (rat snake); 20(1) p.10; 20(3) p. 9 (rat), 10; 20(4) p. 9; 21(2) p. 9 (rat); 21(3) p. 11 (rat); 21(4) p. 11; 22(1) p. 10 (rat); 22(2) p. 9; 22(4) p. 10; 23(1) p. 8; 23(3) p. 6; 24(2) p. 8 (gray rat snake); 27(4) p. 25 (bullsnake); 31(3) p. 11 (climbing poles);
      • squirrels 1(2) p. 24; 1(4) p. 26; 2(1) p. 24; 3(1) p. 15 (13-lined Ground squirrel); 4(2) p. 12 (Eastern fox squirrel in martin house); 13(1) p. 10; 18(1) p. 12; 28 (3) p. 12;  30(2) p. 8; 31(3) p. 11 (in martin housing);
      • turtles 21(1) p. 9 (snapping); 26 (3) p. 19-22 (attacking water-downed martin);

     

    • Predator Guards
      • angled baffle block 5(4) p. 17; ants 5(3) p. 21 (petroleum jelly, Tanglefoot, axle grease); 9(1) p. 16 (petroleum jelly, Teflon spray, tape);
      • awning 14(2) p. 19 (as an owl guard);
      • baffles 5(4) p. 17; 8(2) p. 13 (baffle plans); 11(2) p. 16; 27(4) p. 29; 31(2) p. 23;
      • cone guard 13(1) p. 17;
      • crows 4(1) p. 21; 4(2) p. 21; 5(1) p. 14 (cavity design/dowel rods); 7(1) p. 23; 9(3) p. 20; 18(3) p. 12 (eating nestlings/predator guards); 18(3) p. 12; 20(1) p. 9 (use of owl guards); 25(2) p. 11 (use of owl guards);
      • electrified 30(2) p. 9:
      • GHOST (Great Horned Owl Safety T) 16(1) p. 27; 21(1) p. 19-20;
      • great blue heron 18(3) p. 12 (raiding and eating adult martins);
      • hawks 3(4) p. 22; 7(2) p. 24 (reconfiguring aluminum house compartments on TW-12), 28 (external cage for gourds, horizontally suspended gourds); inner-chamber partition 5(4) p. 17; 9(3) p. 21 (sharp-shinned after trapped sparrows); 13(1)  p. 9; 14(1) p. 11 (on gourd racks); 14(2) p. 16-17; 14(4) p. 7-8; 15(1) p. 11; 18(3) p. 26-27; 22(2) p. 27; 23(1) p. 12; 24(2) p. 9;  31(2) p. 23 (cage guard); 31(3) p. 13;
      • Kingston guards 22(2) p. 26;
      • laughing gulls 11(2) p. 15 (external cage);
      • Nite Guard 13(4) p. 14 (solar powered flashing strobe light);
      • net trap 12(4) p. 2-3; 13(1) p. 17; 27(4) p. 29; 31(2) p. 23;
      • owls 4(1) p. 23, 24; 4(1) p. 24 (deeper compartments); 4(2) p. 8 (protection by cavity design), 21, 24; 5(4) p. 17 (baffles); 7(2) p. 24 (reconfiguring aluminum house compartments on TW-12), 28 (external cage for gourds), 29 (SREH for screech owl); 8(3) p. 15 (use of rods); 9(1) p. 6, 21(owl guards); 9(3) p. 14, 15; 9(4) p. 1; 10 (2) p. 1 (using to deter hawks), 14; 11(1) p. 20, 21; 11(2) p. 16 (hardware cloth/wooden dowels), 17 (use of rods on gourds); 11(4) p. 10 (Trio owl guards/when to install); 12(2) p. 20; 12(3) p. 20 (preventing owls from lifting guards); 12(4)  p. 22 (laser light as owl deterrent); 13(1)  p. 9 (instructions on building), 26; 13(2) p. 12-13 (making and modifying); 13(4) p. 14 (Nite Guards-strobe light); 14(1) p. 11; 14(2) p. 16-17, 19 (awning as guard); 14(3) p. 11; 14(4) p. 7-8; 15(1) p. 10; 15(2) p. 13 (SREH for screech owls); 15(4) p. 12; 16(1) p. 13, 27 (GHOST house); 16(2) p. 10; 17(4) p. 24-25; 18(3) p. 26-27; 20(1) p.9 (and crows); 20(2) p. 9; 21(3) p. 16; 21(4) p. 24-25; 22(2) p. 28-29; 24(2) p. 8, 9; 28 (3) p. 18-23; 31(2) p. 23; 31(2) p. 13; 31(3) p. 13;
      • PEWS System 16(1) p. 28; 
      • pole guard 2(4) p. 4; 7(1) p. 12; 10(4) p. 8 (for telescopic pole), 15; 11(1) p. 16; 11(2) p. 16; 11(4) p. 19 (improving effectiveness); 1(1)  p. 9; 13(1) p. 10 (positioning for squirrels), 15-17 (installation of/types); 13(3) p. 26 (pvc); 14(4) p. 8; 21(3) p. 11; 23(3) p. 6; 28 (3) p. 12 (for squirrels); 29(3) p. 20-23 (electrified guard); 31(2) p. 23;
      • pvc pipe guard 6(2) p. 15; 7(2) p. 22; 13(1) p. 16;
      • raccoon 8(2) p. 13; 13(1)  p. 9; 20(1) p.8;
      • snake 6(2) p. 15 (carnuba wax/silicone spray to make slicker); 8(4) p. 14; 12(1) p. 10 (Adjustable Pole Guard); 12(2) p. 21; 12(4)  p. 2-3 (using Net Trap to deter); 16(1) p. 11; 16(2) p. 4-5; 17(1) p. 11; 20(3) p. 9, 10 (use of netting); 22(2) p. 9; 22(3) p. 15; 23(1) p. 8, 9 (electric mesh);  29(3) p. 15 (use of mothballs);
      • stove pipe guard 7(2) p. 24; 13(1) p. 16; 29(3) p. 17 (netting);
      • telescopic inverted bucket guard  13(1) p. 17;
      • use of lard 4(1) p. 23;
      • various 27 (2) p. 19-21;
      • wire funnel guard 18(1) p. 12 (vs. stovepipe/pvc guard);
    • Preening (see Behavior);
    • Premature fledgling (see Behavior);
    • Premigratory Roosts (see Roosts);
    • Presque Isle Bay  11(4) p. 24;
    • Presque Isle State Park  martin colony 15(2) p. 2-5; 15(3) p. 1;
    • Prince William County 16(3) p. 13-15;
    • Progne chalybea (see Grey-breasted Martins);
    • Progne cryptoleuca (see Cuban Martin);
    • Progne dominicensis (see Caribbean Martin);
    • Progne dominicensis sinaloe (see Sinaloa Martins);
    • Progne elegans (see Southern Martin);
    • Progne modesta (see Galapagos Martins);
    • Progne murphy (see Peruvian Martin);
    • Progne subis (see Purple Martins);
    • Progne subis arboricola (see Western Martins);
    • Progne subis hesperia (see Arizona Purple Martin);
    • Progne tapera (see Brown-chested Martin);
    • Prognosticator 7(4) p.6-7; 9(1) p.2;
    • Project Demolition 9(1) p. 13;
    • Project Martinwatch   6(1) p. 14; 6(2) p. 10; 6(4) p. 21; 8(3) p. 26; 10 (4) p. 20 (importance of data sheets); 14(1) p. 3-5 (2004 season results); 15(1) p. 3-5 (2005 season results); 16(1) p. 4-5 (2006 season results), 6-7 (data sheet tips); 17(1) p. 13-15 (2007 results); 18(1) p. 2-4 (2008 results); 19(1) p. 2-4 (2009 results); 20(1) p.5-7 (2010 results); 21(1) p. 24-27 (2011 results); 22(1) p. 4-6 (2012 results); 22(4) p. 3 (2013 summary); 23(1) p. 26-29 (2013 results); 24(1) p. 10-13 (2014 results); 25(1) p. 4-7 (2015 results); 26(1) p. 4-7 (2016 results); 27 (1) p. 8-11 (2017 results); 28(1) p. 7-11 (2018 results), 10-11 (how to participate); 29(1) p. 14-18 (importance), 19-23 (2019 results); 30(1) p. 23-27 (2020 results); 31(1) p. 15-18 (2021 results), 18-19 (how to participate);
    • Project Martin Roost  14(3) p. 1, 2-5; 14(4) p. 4-5;  17(1) p. 4-5;  26(1) p. 19; 29(2) p. 3;
    • Project Swallow 4(2) p. 4;
    • Promiscuous 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
    • Prospect Park Lake 30(3) p. 6-7 (mystery martin);
    • Protection Island National Wildlife Refuge  17(3) p. 24-25;
    • Purple Finch 14(3) p. 10 (caught in sparrow trap);
    • Purple Haze 31(3) p. 24-27 (martin documentary);
    • Purple Martin Acres by the Sea (Phil Donahue colony) 19(3) p. 3-5;
    • Purple Martin Ambassadors of Central Florida 19(3) p. 14-15;
    • Purple martin art  29(1) p. 24-25;
    • Purple Martin Association of the Dakotas 21(2) p. 2; 21(3) p. 2;
    • Purple Martin Caretakers 19(4) p.21;
    • Purple Martin Club  5(3) p. 11 (starting a martin club); 16(1) p. 14-15 (NW Alabama);
    • Purple Martin Coin (martin image on U.S. quarter) 31(2) p. 28; 
    • Purple Martin Conference and Festival  16(2) p. 2-3 (2007); 20(2) p. 2-3 (2010); 
    • Purple Martin Endowment Fund  17(3) p.2-3; 19(3) p. 2;
    • Purple Martin Educational Poster 29(1) p. 3;
    • Purple Martin Festivals 13(4) p. 22-23 (in TN & NJ); 23(4) p. 6-9; 30(4) p. 10-12 (Brevillier Village);
    • Purple martin (Progne subis)
      • a human love affair 6(3) p. 26 (martins and the control of insect pests);
      • adult mortality 11(3) p. 6;
      • and birdbaths 3(4) p. 24;
      • and ponds 16(4) p. 10;
      • and children 12(2) p. 17; 22(2) p. 3; 26(4) p. 14-17;
      • and fireworks 16(2) p. 10-11;
      • and golf courses 16(4) p. 14-15;
      • and hummingbirds 10 (4) p. 15 (feeder close to martin housing);
      • and it's management in Texas (book on) 13(2) p. 16;
      • and Native Americans 3(4) p. 26-27; 8(1) p. 8;
      • and natural pest management 26(1) p. 24-25;
      • and public martin projects  17(1) p. 24-28;
      • annual timeline 25(3) p. 28-29;
      • artwork 30(2) p. 20-21;
      • as Flagship Species 22(3) p. 18-21;
      • at power plant 20(3) p. 18-20;
      • at sewage facility (use of martins in pest management) 26(1) p. 24-25;
      • being mistaken for blackbirds 7(1) p. 17;
      • bibliography 2(4) p. 4;
      • Brazilian name for  14(2) p. 11;
      • Brown-chested Martins (see Brown-chested Martins);
      • coexisting with chickens 20(1) p.8;
      • declines of 17(2) p. 2-4;
      • educating public about 13(3) p. 20-23;
      • entangled in monofilament fishing line 12(4) p. 14;
      • family tree 29(4) p. 13-15 (martin taxonomy);
      • feeding house sparrow 5(4) p. 26;
      • fruit-eating 5(2) p. 25;
      • Grey-breasted Martins (see Grey-breasted Martins);
      • hearing in 15(2) p. 10;
      • history 20(2) p.4-7;
      • home range size 2(4) p. 27;
      • hosting a workshop 6(4) p. 26;
      • identifying 22(2) p. 6-7; 26(1) p. 28-29; 28(2) p. 28-29;
      • in Alaska 7(2) p. 15;
      • in Arizona 18(3) p. 12 (in saguaro cactus)
      • in Azores Islands 13(4) p. 5-7 (due to U.S. hurricanes);
      • in bluebird house 11(2) p. 18;
      • in Canada 20(1) p.22-24 (Camrose, Alberta); 26(1) p. 14-17 (Wasel colony); 26(1) p. 22-23;
      • in Colorado 9(4) p. 14; 16(2) p. 20-21 (Rocky Mountains);
      • in cyberspace 8(2) p. 5;
      • in Eastern Oregon 16(3) p. 10;
      • in Florida 12(2) p. 10 (decreasing martin numbers-reasons);
      • in Florida Keys  15(1) p. 10;
      • in Inland Northwest 6(1) p. 24;
      • in Los Angeles, Calif. 26(2) p. 19;
      • in Long Island, NY 18(2) p. 11;
      • in Louisiana 16(3) p. 27-28;
      • in Mexico 10 (3) p. 15;
      • in Minnesota 13(3) p. 24;
      • in Missouri (mentoring) 19(3) p.23-25;
      • in New Jersey 16(4) p. 14-15;
      • in New Mexico 17(2) p. 8-9;
      • in Northern California (in nest boxes) 17(2) p. 13-15;
      • in Northwest Texas 6(3) p. 10;
      • in Nova Scotia 12(4) p. 9;
      • in Ohio 24(2) p.17-19 (130 years ago);
      • in Ontario, Cananda 26(2) p. 20 (population decline);
      • in Pacific Northwest 1(3) p. 8-10;  7(1) p. 7; 21(3) p. 4-8;
      • in Rhode Island 17(1) p. 6-9;
      • in Scotland 13(4) p. 5-7 (due to U.S. hurricanes);
      • in Wyoming 13(4) p. 29; 25(4) p. 18;
      • killed by hail 11(2) p. 2;
      • life history 5(2) p. 2; 23(4) p. 23-25;
      • managing tips 8(1) p. 10;
      • migration (see Migration);
      • mural (in Erie, PA) 31(1) p. 12-14;
      • name of a group of martins ("haze") 28(1) p. 3;
      • on stamps 7(2) p. 6;
      • people eating martins (Brazilian rumor) 18(3) p. 13;
      • poetry  28(3) p. 24-27;
      • population of (see Population);
      • postage stamp campaign  16(2) p. 1;
      • promoting 11(2) p. 28; 13(2) p. 14-17 (in NW Texas and Western Oklahoma);
      • purchasing 18(3) p. 12; 22(4) p. 9;
      • song 24(4) p. 22-23;
      • struck by cars 11(2) p. 15;
      • subspecies 29(3) p. 28-29;
      • survivorship 30(1) p. 17;
      • thirteen ways they are unique 4(2) p. 28;
      • timeline 17(2) p. 6-7;
      • tradition shift  3(4) p. 26-27;
      • vagrants 3(4) p. 4-5;
      • Western Martins (see Western Martins);
    • Purple Martin Forum 9(2) p. 6;
    • Purple Martin Hotline 25(1) p. 3;
    • Purple Martin Landlords of North Texas 23(1) p. 10;
    • Purple Martin Mentor Program 6(3) p. 9; 9(2) p. 7; 9(3) p. 14; 11(2) p. 10;
    • Purple Martin Preservation Alliance 21(1) p. 18; 21(3) p. 2;
    • Purple Martin Prognosticator 7(4) p. 6; 9(1) p. 2 (how to use);
    • Purple Martin Scientist Spotlight  31(1) p. 23 (Jonathan Branco); 31(2) p. 6-7 (Kristen Lalla); 31(3) p. 17-18 (Eliene Fontes); 31(4) p. 20-21 (Jessica Oliveira);
    • Purple Martin Society of Collier County 11(2) p. 27;
    • Purple Martin Society of Frederick, Maryland 23(1) p. 10;
    • Purple Martin Update 1(2) p. 1 (receives rave reviews); 6(3) p. 1 (decoding mailing address);  29(2) p. 8-9 (readership survery);
    • Pymatuning Visitor Center 9(3) p. 5, 29;
    • Pymatuning State Park  9(3) p. 29;
    • Pyrethrin (see Ectoparasites)
    • Pytochemicals 12(4) p. 21 (in green leaves);

    Q

    • Quad Pod (see Houses);     

     

    R

    • Rabbit head on top of martin house  19(3) p. 18; 
    • Raiders 3(4) p. 5 (definition), 7;
    • Rank, Tom  27 (1) p. 7;
    • Ray, James D. (PMCA Chief Wildlife Biologist) 23(3) p. 18-19;
    • Reasons why people lose martins 2(4) p. 28-29;
    • Red-breasted swallow (see Swallows);
    • Rehabbing martins 3(1) p. 2(Gene and Jane Morton); 6(4) p. 16 (martin rehab manual); 7(1) p. 16; 7(2) p. 2; 8(2) p. 11; 8(3) p. 18 (martin rehab manual);
    • Rehabbers 9(1) p. 23 (Houston, TX area);
    • Renest 1(1) p. 14 (definition);
    • Renesting attempts (see Behavior)
    • Reproductive failure 2(3) p. 17; 4(2) p. 16;
    • Reproductive success 1(4) p. 10 (in different house types); 2(4) p. 3 (effects of parasites on); 4(3) p. 10 (of adults and subadults); 15(1) p. 28-29 (and acid rain); 15(2) p. 20-22 (and calcium supplementation);
    • Ribelin, Chuck 31(1) p. 8;
    • Robins 15(3) p. 10 (nesting on porch of martin housing);
    • Rogillio, Carlyle 6(4) p. 16 (author of martin rehab manual/how to obtain);
    • Roosts 2(1) p. 27; 4(2) p. 2(Lake Pontchartrain); 2(2) p. 5(world's largest); 4(4) p. 5(on Amazon River); 5(4) p. 4(Southern); 6(2) p. 26 (Lake Murray, SC); 7(1) p. 2 (monitoring with weather radar), 4 (Lake Murray roost); 7(4) p. 13(Tulsa roost ), 21(general info); 8(2) p. 26(mapping using weather radar); 9(1) p. 19 (Shreveport, LA); 10 (2) p. 17; 10 (4) p. 24 (Lewisville, TX pre-migratory roost); 11(1) p. 15, 22 (Lewisville, TX); 11(3) p. 7 (winter roost composition), 9, 10 (and histoplasmosis from droppings ), 11(droppings from), at Louisville, Kentucky International Airport, 22 (in parking lot of Bank of Oklahoma); 11(4) p. 24 (Presque Isle Bay Martin Roost); 12(2) p. 2 (Tyler, TX- loss of/use of air cannons); 12(4) p. 12-15 (on Umstead Bridge in N. Carolina), 20 (Tulsa, OK), 22 (Austin, TX); 13(1) p. 9 (premigratory), 18 (Lake Livingston, TX), 22 (Decatur, AL); 13(2) p. 29 (winter roosts in Brazil); 13(3) p. 6-7 (Brazil-use of Doppler radar to detect); 13(3) p. 28-29 (Outback Steakhouse-McAllen, TX); 13(4) p. 15 (Fort Meyers, FL), 16 ( Bibb County Sports Complex- football stadium lights-Macon, Georgia), 20-21 (Decatur, AL), 21 (Cape May, NJ/Shreveport, LA/Presque Isle Erie, PA); 14(3) p. 2-3 (problems and opportunities); 14(4) p. 2-3 (damage due to hurricane), 4 (Austin, TX- Churchtown, PA- Chicago, Ill- Decatur, AL- Elgin, AL (Wheeler Dam)- Mountain City, TX- Quebec, Canada (1st)- San Antonio, TX- Tulsa, OK), 5 (Alvin, TX- Blenheim, ON, Canada- Corpus Christi, TX- Grand Prairie, TX- Harlingen, TX- Heber Springs, AR- Helotes, TX- Houston, TX- Loganport, LA- Longview, TX- Muskogee, OK- Presque Isle, (Erie) PA; 8-9 (dispersal distance during day/life of); 16(1) p. 20-21 (Sioux Falls, SD); 16(3) p. 10, 29; 16(4) p. 1 (Richmond, VA); 16(4) p. 8-9 (Manns Harbor); 17(1) p. 5 (Richmond, VA), 10-11; 17(4) p. 4-8 (promoting & protecting); 18(1) p. 25 (roost exploration of Presque Isle Bay roost/heat sink hypothesis); 18(3) p. 3 (general info); 18(4) p. 9 (when do they end), 13 (2009 roost season); 18(4) p. 12-13 (W.P. Hebert Health and Wellness Center Roost- Beaumont, TX); 19(1) p. 10 (sounds at); 19(2) p. 11; 20(1) p.28-29 (Lake Osakis roost); 21(4) p. 17 (on housing); 22(4) p. 26-29 (Austin Highland Mall); 23(1) p. 15 (Oklahoma City, OK); 23(4) p. 18-20; 24(1) p. 15; 24(2) p. 3; 24(4) p. 10-13 (New Jersey), 26-28 (Tulsa roost calamity); 25(1) p. 16-18 (Austin, TX); 26(1) p. 21 (Bomb Island S.C.); 26 (3) p. 28-29 (description/definition); 28(1) p. 25 (McAllen, TX), 26 (Lake Murray, Virginia); 28(2) p. 3 Umstead Bridge North Carolina); 28(3) p. 13;  28(4) p. 13 (Brazil), 20 (Texas);  29(4) p. 18-19; 30(1) p. 18-20 (Nashville, Tenn.); 31(4) p. 15;
    • Rotary Pavilion (Presque Isle) 16(4) p. 24-25; 26(1) p. 19 (general info);

    S

    • Saguaro cactus (see Nest/in saguaro cactus);
    • Salmonella (see Diseases)
    • Sanctuary (purple martin) 2(2) p. 2;
    • Sand Martins 13(3) p. 8;
    • Sandburg, Carl 4(3) p. 17 (martin poem);
    • Satellite sites (under Colony)
    • Scouts 1(1) p. 15 (arrival date definition); 2(4) p. 4 (arrival study), 10 (arrival date definition);4(1) p. 23; 8(2) p. 14; 9(3) p. 6-8 (arrival study); 10 (2) p. 7; 17(2) p. 10; 19(2) p. 11 (origin of name/definition); 21(3) p. 9; 21(4) p. 11; 23(2) p. 9 (arrival); 24(1) p. 7; 24(2) p. 7; 26 (3) p. 25 (reporting); 28(3) p. 13; 31(2) p. 20-21 (arrival study- impact of 2021 winter storm);
    • Secondary-cavity nester 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 2(4) p. 10 (definition);
    • Seekamp, Ron 7(4) p. 10 (parallelogram pivot system)
    • Semiplumes (definition) 16(4) p. 13;
    • Sevin (see Ectoparasites)
    • Sexing martins 3(4) p. 1; 6(1) p. 15; 6(4) p. 23; 8(1) p. 15 (color guide); 11(4) p. 16-17 (undertail coverts); 13(4) p. 8 (nestlings); 22(2) p. 6-7; 25(2) p. 8;
    • Sexual dimorphism 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 2(4) p. 10 (definition); 24(3) p. 18-19;
    • Sexual maturity 1(3) p. 23 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition);
    • Sheep (see colony);
    • Shelter Cove, California 13(1)  p. 2-4 (snag nesting site); 17(2) p. 14; 18(2) p. 27-29 (pilot nestbox program);
    • Sinaloa martins (Progne dominicensis sinaloe) 10 (3) p. 15; 29(4) p. 14; 30(3) p. 7;
    • Single brooded 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 2(4) p. 10 (definition);
    • Single parent purple martin 5(3) p. 19; 9(2) p. 24 (Ursula); 11(1) p. 14; 13(3) p. 9(feeding);
    • Site abandonment (see Behavior)
    • Site fidelity (see Behavior)
    • Site population 13(4) p. 9;
    • Slabaugh, Chris J. 8(3) p. 2;
    • Sleeping (see Behavior)
    • Smell (sense of in martins) 1(4) p. 26; 2(1) p. 24; 8(2) p. 16; 9(2) p. 17; 12(3) p. 11; 17(1) p. 11;
    • Smoke (see Behavior)
    • Snakes (see Predators)
    • Snow-bellied martin 17(4) p. 15; 30(3) p. 7;
    • Snyder, Duke (starling excluder inventor) 10 (1) p. 8;
    • Snyder Excluder (see Houses/SREH)
    • Soaring 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
    • Social attraction 9(3) p. 26-28; 25(2) p. 26-27;
    • Sommerheim (Presque Isle) 16(4) p. 24-25;
    • Sooners  19(2) p. 7;
    • South Carolina Color-banding Project 18(2) p. 8;
    • South Texas Botanical Gardens and Nature Center 22(1) p. 12-13;
    • Southeast Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study 18(3) p. 1;
    • Southern Martin  (Progne elegans) 17(4) p. 14; 19(1) p. 10; 25(4) p. 18; 26(2) p. 10; 29(4) p. 14;
    • Sparrow Spooker 25(2) p. 9;
    • Sparrow Swap Program 28(2) p. 17-19;
    • Sparrows (see Nest Site Competitors)
    • Splash bathing (see Behavior)
    • Squirrels (see Nest Competitors/Predators)
    • St. Frances 17(3) p. 17;
    • Staging area (definition) 9(3) p.16; 10 (2) p. 17; 11(3) p. 11 (definition); 31(4) p. 15;
    • Stamps and purple martins 7(2) p. 6;
    • Star martin feeder 6(1) p. 6; 9(2) p. 21;
    • Starlings (see Nest Competitors)
    • Starling resistant entrance holes (see Housing/SREH)
    • Starvation 11(3) p. 1 (of martins during cold weather);
    • Stellar's jay 18(2) p. 29 (and western martins);
    • Stewart, Martha 20(1) p.11-13;
    • Stine, Rob (artist)
    • Students aid Purple Martins 12 (4) p. 26;
    • Stutchbury, Dr. Bridget J.  18(2) p. 1;
    • Subadult 8(1) p. 15(description); 9(1) p. 15 (and poor parenting); 9(3) p. 8 (arrival vs. adults), 17 (and dawnsinging); 11(2) p. 17 (breeding population percentage); 11(3) p. 9; 11(4) p. 8 (breeding late in the season); 12(4) p. 10 (arrival dates in Houston, TX), 11 (differences between male and female); 14(2) p. 11 (late arrival), 21 (arriving alongside ASY adults); 14(3) p. 10 (identifying males); 14(4) p. 9 (declines in/attacking and removing nestlings); 19(1) p. 8-9 (id tips); 19(2) p. 10 (and nesting); 20(3) p. 10; 21(1) p. 10 (egg-laying first year); 21(2) p. 17 (male vs. female); 21(3) p. 9 (removing eggs), 10 (attacking nestlings), 12; 21(4) p. 9 (identification), 10, 11; 23(2) p. 9 (identification/arrival); 23(3) p. 6; 24(3) p. 3 (males killing nestlings); 25(1) p. 21 (nest maintenance); 25(4) p. 21; 26 (3) p. 26 (arrival of); 26(4) p. 24 (males attacking nestlings); 27 (3) p. 19 (male and egg destruction); 28(2) p. 20-21 (identification); 29(4) p. 19 (breeding with adults), (males removing eggs and young from nests); 30(3) p. 15 (cracking martin eggs);
    • Suchma, Terry (see Landlord of the year)
    • Sulfur (see Ectoparasites)
    • Summer resident 1(3) p. 23 (definition);
    • Sun bathing (see Behavior)
    • Super Colonies 25(1) p. 21;
    • SuperGourds (see Gourds)
    • Supplemental Feeding (see Feeding Martins);
    • Survival behavior (see Behavior)
    • Swallows 
      • Bank 13(3) p. 8; 29(3) p. 17; 29(4) p. 14;
      • Barn 1(3) p. 21; 1(4) p. 26; 4(4) p. 15; 9(2) p. 26 (life history); 10 (3) p. 11; 14(3) p. 28 (nest/egg identification); 15(2) p. 19, 25; 19(4) p.28; 20(2) p.10; 20(3) p. 9; 26 (3) p. 24; 26(4) p. 11-13 (diet); 29(4) p. 14; 30(1) p. 22 (nesting near martin housing);
      • Cliff 10 (3) p. 11; 12(1) p. 6;Tree (see nest site competitors) Violet Green 11(4) p. 3; 14(4) p. 7; 26 (3) p. 24; 28(1) p. 27; 29(4) p. 14;
      • Greater-striped 30(2) p. 8;
      • Mosque  30(2) p. 8;
      • North Rough-winged 28(2) p. 23; 29(3) p. 17; 29(4) p. 14;
      • Red-breated 30(2) p. 8;
      • Tree (see Nest Site Competitors);
      • Violet Green  29(4) p. 14;

    T

    • T-14 (see Houses)
    • Tanglefoot 5(3) p. 21 (for ants); 12(3) p. 10 (for ants); 20(1) p.8 (for ants);
    • Tehachapi Range California (purple martins in) 10 (2) p. 26;
    • Tent caterpillars (see Diet)
    • Territory 1(1) p. 14 (definition); 1(3) p. 23 (definition); 2(4) p. 11 (definition);
    • Thirteen ways martins are unique 4(2) p. 28;
    • Ticks (see Ectoparasites)
    • Tom Ridge Environmental Center 15(3) p. 1, 2-3;
    • Torpor (in martins) 18(2) p. 11;
    • Toxicity 5(1) p. 7 (definition);
    • Traditional shift 3(4) p. 26;
    • Translocate 6(3) p. 5 (definition);
    • Transient 1(1) p. 15 (definition);
    • Trap and transfer 9(3) p. 26 (definition);
    • Trapping (starling and house sparrows) 2(2) p. 25-26; 3(4) p. 17; 4(2) p. 25; 6(4) p. 18, 20 (baits), 22; 7(2) p. 17; 11(3) p. 10; 12(1) p. 8 (bait trapping sparrows); 
    • Traps 3(4) p. 24 (use of mouse trap); 4(3) p. 27 (Troyer S&S/V-top trap); 5(4) p. 10 (SD-1 Spare-O- Door), 11 (traps can kill martins); 7(2) p. 17 (Troyer S&S); 8(4) p. 25 (S&S controller); 9(1) p. 29 (starling trapping strategy); 11(2) p. 16 (spare-o-doors); 11(3) p. 10 (Spare-O-Door); 11(4) p. 14-15 (Spare-O-Door/Universal Sparrow Trap/T-14 Insert Trap/SuperGourd Insert Trap/Trio Wire Sparrow Trap/Repeating Bait Trap/Starling-House Sparrow Nest-box trap); 12(1) p. 8 (V-top Trap, Universal Sparrow Trap); 12(3) p. 10 (Universal Sparrow Trap); 12(4) p. 23(Troyer V-top trap), 24 (portable sparrow trap), 25 (Spare-O-Doors-use in T-14/metal housing); 13(3) p. 16 (experience with Spare-O-Door); 13(4) p.27 (Universal Sparrow Trap); 15(3) p. 13 (Repeating Bait Trap); 15(4) p. 5 (Spare-O-Door);
    • Tree encroachment 2(4) p. 28; 9(1) p. 20 (and colony decline); 9(2) p. 20;
    • Tree Swallows (see Swallows)
    • Trio Castle (see Houses)
    • Turkey Vultures 13(2) p. 9;
    • Two-Tone 23(3) p. 27;

    U

    • Undertail coverts 11(4) p. 16-17;
    • Ursula 9(2) p. 24 (single parent);

    V

    • Vanderbuilt Purple Martin Colony 17(1) p. 22-23;
    • Vocalizations (of martins) 5(2) p. 9; 10 (3) p. 13 (parents warning nestlings); 17(3) p. 14-15; 30(2) p. 28-29;

    W

    • Wade, J.L. 16(3) p. 2; 22(3) p. 6;
    • Walpole Island Purple Martin Project 22(2) p. 20-22;
    • Walt Disney World (colony) 14(4) p. 10-13 (establishing colony); 25(4) p. 14-16;
    • Wasel colony (Canada)  26(1) p. 14-17;
    • Wasps 2(1) p. 26; 4(2) p. 23; 6(2) p. 16; 9(3) p. 12-13 (European); 9(4) p. 15 (in pm housing); p. 15 (European); 13(1) p. 8 (European- controlling); 15(1) p. 12; 26(4) p. 22;  29(3) p. 15 (in housing, use of petroleum jelly);
    • Water (and martins) 2(1) p. 27; 2(3) p. 24-25; 16(3) p. 10; 25(2) p. 12-13 (ponds);
    • Weather 1(3) p. 14 (drought/heat wave and deaths); 2(4) p. 5, 28 (extremes); 3(1) p. 17 (induced die-off); 23 (induced mortality); 4(1) p. 6 (deaths during Summer of '92), 8 (what to do when weather gets bad); 5(2) p. 10; 6(1) p. 2 (martins killed by hail); 6(2) p. 24 (die-offs during Summer of 95); 7(2) p. 16 (hot weather and martins); 7(4) p. 24 (weather -stressed martins in Texas); 11(3) p. 1 (martin-killing weather of 2002), 8 (cool spring weather delaying return); 12(1) p. 10 (effects of inclement weather on martins); 12(2) p. 10 (effects on martin's feeding); 12(3) p. 24 (tornado destroyed colony), 28 (Hurricane Claudette- martin observations during storm); 12(4) p. 22 (deaths due to cold spell); 13(1) p. 19 (house knocked over during storm), 20 (deaths); 13(4) p. 5-7 (hurricanes), 15 (hurricane damage to housing); 14(1) p. 8 (hot weather and martin housing), 18 (Florida hurricane season); 14(2) p. 10 (effects of hailstorm); 15(2) p.12 (and martin deaths), 19 (Hurricane Rita); 16(3) p. 11 (effects on eggs); 17(3) p. 6 (tornado damaged housing); 18(3) p. 10 (and nest failure); 18(3) p. 12 (and low productivity); 18(4) p. 4-7 (impact on 2009 season); 20(2) p.8 (cold and martin survival); 21(3) p. 10 (heat); 22(3) p. 10 (return after housing destroyed); 23(1) p. 9 (and dead martin); 25(2) p. 10 (effects of cold weather);  30(2) p. 8 (heat in martin housing); 30(3) p. 28-29 (effects on martins and ways to help); 31(1) p. 10-11 (effects of hurricanes); 31(1) p. 24-25 (effects on bird body size); 31(2) p. 20-21 (2021 winter storm impact);
    • Western bean cutworm moth 21(4) p. 3;
    • Western martins (Progne subis arboricola) 7(1) p. 28 (nesting in tree cavities); 8(2) p. 25 (nestbox plans); 10 (2) p. 16; 7(1) p. 7; 12(1) p. 2; 12(4) p. 4; 13(1) p. 18 (snags destroyed by fire); 13 (2) p. 10 (housing for), 8 (hurricanes and early departure); 13(4) p. 29; 14(1) p. 26-29 (nesting in utility poles); 17(2) p. 8-9 (New Mexico); 17(2) p. 13-15 (in nest boxes in N. California); 18(2) p. 27-29 (Shelter Cove, Calif.); 18(4) p. 25-27 (site fidelity); 19(3) p. 12; 21(3) p. 4-8; 24(3) p. 6-9; 29(2) p. 15; 30(1) p. 8-11 (nesting habitat); 31(1) p. 10 (breeding range);
    • West Nile Virus 12(1) p. 7, 15 (landlord precautions); 12(4) p. 5-6, 18 (and house sparrows);
    • West Pier (Presque Isle) 16(4) p. 24-25;
    • Western Purple Martin Foundation 22(4) p. 10;
    • Wetlands Institute (New Jersey) 25(3) p. 6-7;
    • White-throated swifts 12(4) p. 4;
    • White wing patch (on male martins) 3(1) p. 16; 3(4) p. 17; 7(4) p. 18;
    • Wildlife rehab centers 27(4) p. 19;
    • William B. Umstead Bridge 12(4) p. 12-15 (martin deaths on); 15(3) p. 23-25 (mortality monitoring); 19(3) p.26-28; 28(1) p. 12-15;
    • Willowbend Country Club martin colony (Mashpee, Mass.) 18(3) p. 8-9;
    • Wing-hang/entrapment (see Housing);
    • Wing-tags on martins 11(1) p. 14;
    • Wintering grounds 1(1) p. 15 (definition); 2(4) p. 27; 3(1) p. 20;
    • Wisconsin 25(2) p. 16-18 (and martins);
    • Wisconsin (Eastern) Purple Martin Association 22(3) p. 7; 23(1) p. 10;
    • W.K. Kellogg Bird Sanctuary 24(1) p. 22-23;
    • Wood ash (see Ectoparasites)
    • Wood duck 10 (2) p. 24;
    • Woodlands Nature Station (Kentucky) 23(2) p. 23-25;
    • Woodpecker 10 (2) p. 24 (red-cocked); 13(1)  p. 5 (Acorn Woodpecker); 14 (3) p. 19 (red-bellied/golden-fronted removing nesting material from martin housing);
    • Workshop 13(1) p. 11 (giving one), 20;
    • World Migratory Bird Day  23(3) p. 23 (Grand Prairie, TX);

    Y

    • Yellow #572 9(3) p. 9 (history);
    • Yellow #2551 26 (3) p. 27 (first geolocator used);